Holography is a new concept of the superstring theory based on the duality between gauge and supergravity theories, proposed by Maldacena in 1997.1 The superstring theory with conformal and Lorentz invariance has ten-dimensional space-time to avoid anomalies. Its elemental degrees of freedom are one-dimensional open or closed strings. The fluctuation modes of these strings are expected to give ...

One of the main motivations for low energy supersymmetric theories is their ability to address the hierarchy and naturalness problems in the Higgs sector of the Standard Model. In these theories, at least two doublets of scalar fields are required to break the electroweak symmetry and to generate the masses of the elementary particles, resulting in a rather rich Higgs spectrum. The search for t...

So called “analogue models” use condensed matter systems (typically hydrodynamic) to set up an “effective metric” and to model curved-space quantum field theory in a physical system where all the microscopic degrees of freedom are well understood. Known analogue models typically lead to massless minimally coupled scalar fields. We present an extended “analogue space-time” programme by investiga...

With the standard fibre being a coset manifold, the transformation of a connection form in a fibre bundle under the action of the isometry group includes a dependence on the fibre coordinate. Elimination of the fibre coordinate from the transformation rule implies that the standard fibre is a Lie group and that the bundle is a principal bundle. The dependence on the fibre coordinate is consider...

It is well-entrenched folklore that torsion gravity theories predict observationally negligible torsion in the solar system, since torsion (if it exists) couples only to the intrinsic spin of elementary particles, not to rotational angular momentum. We argue that this assumption has a logical loophole which can and should be tested experimentally. We give an explicit counterexample where a rota...

Title of dissertation: A SUSY SO(10) GUT MODEL WITH LOPSIDED STRUCTURE Yingchuan Li, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Dissertation directed by: Professor Xiangdong Ji Department of Physics The standard model (SM) of elementary particles has been established for more than 30 years and tested by a large number of experiments. However, because of the naturalness problem of the electroweak symmetry break...

Effective theories based on experimental data provide powerful probes and tests of underlying theories in elementary particle physics. Examples within and beyond the Standard Model are discussed, including a specific model for supersymmetry breaking within the context of the weakly coupled heterotic string. Talk presented at Arkadyfest, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, May 17-18, 2002,...

We present a direct derivation of the thermodynamic integral equations of the O(3) nonlinear σ-model in two dimensions. January 1992, Phys.Lett.B, in press on leave from Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal de S.Carlos, C.P. 676 S.Carlos 13560, Brazil. [email protected] The two-dimensional O(3) nonlinear σ-model is a well known example of an exactly integrable field theory [2, 3] ...

High-precision measurements of violations of fundamental symmetries in atoms are a very effective means of testing the standard model of elementary particles and searching for new physics beyond it. Such studies complement measurements at high energies. We review the recent progress in atomic parity nonconservation and atomic electric dipole moments (time reversal symmetry violation), with a pa...

Contemporary theories of antimatter have a number of insufficiencies which stimulated the recent construction of the new isodual theory based on a certain antiisomorphic map of all (classical and quantum) formulations of matter called isoduality. In this note we show that the isodual theory predicts that antimatter emits a new light, called isodual light, which can be distinguished from the ord...