The rheological characteristics of digested sludge are severely temperature dependent. An effect of temperature on rheological properties of digested sludge is partially irreversible. In this paper, the effects of temperature change and thermal history on viscosity of digested sludge were studied using a stress-controlled rheometer which was connected to a temperature controlled water bath. Dig...

The generation of alum sludge from drinking water purification process remains inevitable when aluminium sulphate is used as primary coagulant for raw water coagulation. Sustainable managing such the sludge becomes an increasing concern in water industry. Its beneficial reuse is therefore highly desirable and has attracted considerable research efforts. In view of the novel development of alum ...

A lab-scale expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor was operated at 20°C with low strength wastewater (0.6-0.8 g COD/L) for over 200 days. Reactor was inoculated with mesophilic granular sludge. The up-flow velocity was set to 5 m/h by effluent recirculation. The COD loading was increased up to 12 kg COD/m3/day until the day 76, resulting in hydraulic retention time of 1.5 hours. Physical p...

Metallization of silicon solar cells using electroplating is of interest recently as a cheaper replacement of silver screen printing. Light assisted electroplating of Nickel-Cobalt (NiCo) alloys were studied on crystalline silicon (Si) solar cells in this paper. The effect of illumination was investigated in conjunction with the light absorption properties of the plating solution, emission spec...

A technique is described for assembly of multiple batches of micro components onto a single substrate. The substrate is prepared with hydrophobic alkanethiol-coated gold binding sites. To perform assembly, a hydrocarbon oil is applied to the substrate and wets exclusively the hydrophobic binding sites in water. Micro components are then added to the water, and assembled on the oil-wetted bindin...

background: despite wide application of chromium in electroplating industry, the pulmonary effects of chronic exposure to this chemical have not been extensively studied and are subject of debate and controversy. this study was, therefore, undertaken to further address this issue.   methods: the study population consisted of a group of 15 workers with a history of past and present occupational ...

background: chromium (cr) is the most important element used to plate other metals and electroplating factories are still consid­ered to be the most important industries which pollute the environment to this metal. this paper describes a study con­ducted to determine the efficiency of reverse-osmosis (ro) as a membrane technique for removal of cr from wastewater sam­ples synthetically prepared ...

During advanced biological wastewater treatment, a huge amount of sludge is produced as a by-product of the treatment process. Hence, reuse and recovery of resources and energy from the sludge is a big technological challenge. The processing of sludge produced by Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) is massive, which takes up a big part of the overall operational costs. In this regard, anaerobic...