When processing dynamic input, the brain balances the opposing needs of temporal integration and sensitivity to change. We hypothesized that the visual system might resolve this challenge by aligning integration windows to the onset of newly arriving sensory samples. In a series of experiments, human participants observed the same sequence of two displays separated by a brief blank delay when p...

Neuronal communication in the brain involves electrochemical currents, which produce magnetic fields. Stimulus-evoked brain responses lead to changes in these fields and can be studied using magneto- and electro-encephalography (MEG/EEG). In this paper we model the spatiotemporal distribution of the magnetic field of a physiologically idealized but anatomically realistic neuron to assess the po...

Using electro-encephalography (EEG), brain activation of Japanese learners of English (JLE) was observed when rhythm instruction material (RIM) modified from Jazz Chants and including beat sound was conducted on a treatment group (Beat G.), an another type of RIM not including beat sound was conducted on a contrast group (No-beat G.). During rhythm learning, proficiency in rhythm (PR) was exami...

A unique sound that deviates from a repetitive background sound induces signature neural responses, such as mismatch negativity and novelty P3 response in electro-encephalography studies. Here we show that a deviant auditory stimulus induces a human pupillary dilation response (PDR) that is sensitive to the stimulus properties and irrespective whether attention is directed to the sounds or not....

BACKGROUND While intervention is the leading factor in reducing long-term disabilities in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), early identification of children affected by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) remains challenging. Deficits in higher-order cognitive domains (e.g. executive function) might be more specific to FASD than global neurodevelopmental tests, yet these functio...

La electroencefalografía (EEG) es una técnica que permite registrar la actividad eléctrica del cerebro y ha sido estudiada durante los últimos cien años en diferentes ámbitos de neurociencia. En se investigado desarrollado equipos medición sean portables permitan buena calidad señal, por lo cual realizó revisión bibliográfica las compañías fabricantes algunos dispositivos portable disponibles e...

A 64-year-old nulliparous woman presented with clinical signs of thyroid and adrenocortical insufficiency. Subsequent hormonal investigations demonstrated a failure of all anterior pituitary functions. Pneumotomo-encephalography revealed a large arachnoid herniation, leading to the diagnosis of primary empty sella turcica syndrome with secondary panhypopituitarism. This unusual observation emph...

Seventy patients, submitted to oxygen encephalography and oxygen myelography, were examined by retinal funduscopy to establish the incidence of intraocular haemorrhages, a complication reported to be frequent by other investigators. We did not discover any retinal haemorrhages. Pathogenetic factors influencing intracranial or intraocular venous pressure or both are discussed, particularly the e...

Conventional electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) analysis often rely on averaging over multiple trials to extract statistically relevant differences between two or more experimental conditions. We demonstrate that by linearly integrating information over multiple spatially distributed sensors within a predefined time window, one can discriminate conditions on a trial-b...

groundwater makes up an important part of global freshwater resources, though it is often threatened by overuse of natural resources along with abundant production of wastes in modern society. this study aims to investigate the removal of three heavy metals including nickel, cadmium, and lead from groundwater via electrocoagulation, a suitable method for treatment of water-soluble compounds, de...