Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) is a widely used open communication protocol between a charging station and its managing network system. The central promising idea of the OCPP is that it is an open standard, which provides a standardized communication language with the flexibility of giving charging station owners right to switch network providers at their own will. This paper investigates th...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Principle and strategies for microfluidic cell sorting 3.1. Active multi-channel switch 3.2. Field flow fractionation 3.3. Local nonuniform field flow fractionation 3.4. Differential immobilization 3.5. Direct manipulation 4. Sorting mechanisms 4.1. Electric mechanism 4.2. Optical mechanism 4.3. Magnetic mechanism 4.4. Hydrodynamic mechanism 4.5. Acoustic mechanis...

There has been an ever-increasing demand to increase the switching frequency, power density, efficiency and dynamic performance of switch-mode power converter, the development of soft-switching technology has taken an accelerated pace. This paper provides a review on the development of soft-switching power converters for electric vehicle (EV) propulsion and recent research trends will also be d...

Resistive Switching (RS) is the change in resistance of a dielectric under the influence of an external current or electric field. This change is non-volatile, and the basis of both the memristor and resistive random access memory. In the latter, high integration densities favor the anti-serial combination of two RS-elements to a single cell, termed the complementary resistive switch (CRS). Mot...

Tunneling of virtual vortex-antivortex pairs across a superconducting film can be enhanced by sending pulses of electric current along the film. Thus, a thin wire made from such a film will function as a quantum switch (changing the magnetic flux enclosed by the device). We study this process numerically in a toroidal film (periodic boundary conditions in both directions) by using the dual desc...

We employ density functional theory plus dynamical mean field theory and identify the physical origin of why two layers of SrVO(3) on a SrTiO(3) substrate are insulating: the thin film geometry lifts the orbital degeneracy, which in turn triggers a first-order Mott-Hubbard transition. Two layers of SrVO(3) are just at the verge of a Mott-Hubbard transition and hence ideally suited for technolog...

This study outlines a versatile and expeditious synthesis of the first derivatives of a new class of benzene that is substituted with both three amide and three alkyne substituents. Sparsely covered monolayer films, made through spin-casting, reveal one-dimensional nanostructures that can be visualized with atomic force microscopy. In bulk, synchrotron X-ray diffraction and polarized light micr...

The design and numerical modeling using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of electric field strength in programmable neural switch is carried out. The obtained model provided good approximation to the derived complex analytical solution. Effect of electrode separation and field spread in both x and y directions are studied and explained. Boundary effect on field strength representation is discussed...

We demonstrated a tunable temporal gap based on simultaneous fast and slow light in electro-optic photonic crystals. The light experiences an anomalous dispersion near the transmission center and a normal dispersion away from the center, where it can be accelerated and slowed down, respectively. We also obtained the switch between fast and slow light by adjusting the external electric filed. Th...

A DC-DC converter is designed according to the request of the electric propulsion system for a fuel cell sightseeing car. The converter adopts a simple topography full bridge circuit. The main switch transistors are driven by the module TL494, based on pulse-width modulation method. A high accuracy linear optical coupler is used to isolate analogy signal in order to guarantee the stabilization ...