Resting voltage potential in non-excitable cells is an important regulator of cellular properties such as proliferation, migration and shape (Blackiston et al., 2009; Sundelacruz et al., 2009). Moreover, endogenous bioelectric signals (patterns of resting potential in all tissues) encode a set of morphogenetic cues that provide patterning control during regeneration (Levin, 2007; Levin, 2009), ...

Composite transmission lines are one of the main developments in the increasingly popular field of electromagnetic metamaterials, artificial electromagnetic structures with both negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability (Caloz & Itoh, 2005). These structures present a backward wave or left-handed (LH) propagation instead of the conventional right-handed one. The first experimenta...

Image processing algorithms are often implemented in reconfigurable devices (FPGA) (Wiatr, 2003; Lai et al., 2007), which facilitate higher implementation performance and enable real-time data processing. Currently, several main development directions of image processing, analysis and recognition systems based on reconfigurable hardware can be indicated. Some designs focus on implementing image...

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Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are attractive next generation materials due to their unique properties, which lead to high mechanical, electrical, and thermal performance (Iijima, 1991; Endo et al., 1976; Niyogi et al., 2002; Komarov & Mirnov, 2004). This unique nano order material can not only be utilized on its own in precision industrial fields but can also provide high performance functionality in ...

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) accounts for 0.1–0.2% of all malignant disease of the esophagus. Ninety-five percent of all melanomas are found in the derma, and only 0.5% are localized in the esophagus (Bisceglia et al. 2011). The prognosis of PMME is unfavorable because most patients are in the advanced stage at diagnosis and rapidly develop lymph node and distant metastase...