The influence of a turbulent spectrum of the temperature field on compression ignition at constant volume under homogeneous charge compression ignition engine conditions is studied by direct numerical simulation with complex chemistry. In particular the dependence of overall ignition progress on initial mixture conditions and turbulence parameters is determined. The propagation speed of ignitio...

Free-piston engines are under investigation by a number of research groups worldwide due to their potential advantages in terms of fuel efficiency and engine emissions. Some prototypes have emerged, mainly aimed for vehicle propulsion, and have reported favourable performance compared to conventional technology. This paper describes the design of a modular compression ignition free-piston engin...

Forest fire risk assessment is an important task for forest fire management and planning. This paper presents current work on the definition and implementation of forest fire risk assessment models in the Wildfire Analyst TM software with the purpose of providing support and increased value in risk assessment. Three models are presented based on the concept of forest fire risk: forest fire stru...

Abstract In-cylinder expansion of internal combustion engines based on Diesel or Otto cycles cannot be completely brought down to ambient pressure, causing a 20% theoretical energy loss. Several systems have been implemented recover and use this such as turbocharging, turbomechanical turbo-electrical compounding, the implementation Miller cycles. In all these cases however, amount recovered is ...

Variable and potential plasma applications in aerospace engineering are exemplified by ion thrusters, flow control by plasma actuator, enhanced ignition and combustion stability. The operational environments span a range from the rarefied to continuum gasdynamic regimes; however, the ionization process in practical applications is mostly by electron impact. The fundamental ionization mechanisms...

We obtain a theory describing laminar shock-like structures in a collisionless plasma and examine the parameter limits, in terms of the ion sound Mach number and the electron/ion temperature ratio, within which these structures exist. The essential feature is the inclusion of …nite ion temperature with the result that some ions are re‡ected from a potential ramp. This destroys the symmetry betw...

Natural or man-made disasters can trigger other negative events leading to tremendous increase of fatalities and damages. In case of Low Probability High consequences events, decision makers are faced with very difficult choices and the availability of a tool to support emergency decisions would be very much beneficial. Within EU CRISMA project a concept model and tool for evaluating cascading ...

Table-top laser-plasma ion accelerators have many exciting applications, many of which require ion beams with simultaneous narrow energy spread and high conversion efficiency. However, achieving these requirements has been elusive. Here we report the experimental demonstration of laser-driven ion beams with narrow energy spread and energies up to 18 MeV per nucleon and ∼5% conversion efficiency...