Positive effects of campaign spending on electoral outcomes have been found in several comparative, multiparty contexts (e.g. Britain, France, Japan, and Australia) but very few of these systems use proportional representation (PR). If positive effects from spending are robust, however, then we would also expect to find that they generalize to systems using more proportional rules. Our study ex...

We develop a model of elections in proportional representation electoral systems in which the number of candidates running for office, and the differentiation in ideology and quality among candidates are jointly determined in equilibrium. We show that in symmetric equilibria (i) candidates invest more to increase their quality when more candidates run for office; (ii) changes in the cost of run...

Abstract We investigate the computational complexity of electoral control in elections. Electoral describes scenario where election chair seeks to alter outcome by structural changes such as adding, deleting, or replacing either candidates voters. Such actions have been studied literature for a lot prominent voting rules. complement those results solving several open cases Copeland $$^{\alpha }...

Todorov (2005) demonstrated that people could make competence judgments about faces with only 100 millisecond exposures that were predictive of electoral victories. Others have since shown that Swiss children can predict the outcome of French elections when they pick which face they would want to be the 'captain of the boat' in an adventure game. And, Indians and Americans can pick the winners ...

Voting advice applications (VAAs) are online tools designed to match voters with specific parties and/or candidates. Because candidate-centred electoral systems incentivize strategic positioning maximise personal vote shares, it is unclear if the information that candidates provide in VAAs reflect their sincere ideological positions. The aim of this study test extent which candidates' responses...

The dominant methodology for short-term forecasting of electoral outcomes uses trial-heat polls, where respondents report their current electoral preferences (not their election-day predictions). Election markets, where self-selected participants trade shares of candidates at prices predictive of election-day results, provide an alternative method that often produces more accurate forecasts. Co...

One of the key areas of concentration in achieving harmonious democracy is transparency in the electoral processes. Some countries like Ghana, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Kenya have recently had issues of doubt and mistrust of the administration and the management of their Electoral Commission and hence a suspicion of election fraud which has prone threats of violence, economic declination and on...

Over the last decade considerable attention has been given to the possibilities of predicting political and other events by observing the outcome of appropriately designed experimental markets. In the Iowa Presidential Stock Market (cf. Forsythe et al. [1992]) the outcome of the U.S. presidential election was predicted successfully through observations of a stock market, where individual experi...