The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50979036), and by the Foundation of National Water Pollution Control and Governance of China (NO. 2009ZX07210007-01). Abstract—In the calculation of mixed-transport capacity of pollutants which were discharged from bank outfall of wide straight rivers or reservoirs, the lateral diffusion coefficient can bett...

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is the most effective component of the modern multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) scan for prostate pathology. DWI provides the strongest prediction of cancer volume, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) correlates moderately with Gleason grade. Notwithstanding the demonstrated cancer assessment value of DWI, the standard measurement and ...

0021-9991/$ see front matter 2008 Elsevier Inc doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2008.06.032 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 609 243 2635; fa E-mail address: [email protected] (S.C. Jardin). In solving the 1D (flux surface averaged) transport equations for the temperatures, magnetic fields, and densities in the ‘‘evolving equilibrium” description of a tokamak [1], one increasingly encounters highly nonlinear th...

Fractional, anomalous diffusion in space-periodic potentials is investigated. The analytical solution for the effective, fractional diffusion coefficient in an arbitrary periodic potential is obtained in closed form in terms of two quadratures. This theoretical result is corroborated by numerical simulations for different shapes of the periodic potential. Normal and fractional spreading process...

The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of water in tissues is dependent on the size and spacing of structures in the cellular environment and has been used to characterize pathological changes in stroke and cancer. However, the factors that affect ADC values remain incompletely understood. Measurements of ADC are usually made using relatively long diffusion times; so they reflect the integrat...

2014 Recent R.M.N. and quasi-elastic neutron scattering experiments on smectics A have given comparable values for the self-diffusion coefficients D~ (diffusion normal to the layers) and D~, in spite of the possible occurence of a permeation process which would lead to much lower values for D ~. It is shown that there is no permeation in a self-diffusion experiment, and therefore that the Einst...

We introduce a DNA-based reaction-diffusion (RD) system in which reaction and diffusion terms can be precisely and independently controlled. The effective diffusion coefficient of an individual reaction component, as we demonstrate on a traveling wave, can be reduced up to 2.7-fold using a self-assembled hydrodynamic drag. The intrinsic programmability of this RD system allows us to engineer, f...

Fractional, anomalous diffusion in space-periodic potentials is investigated. The analytical solution for the effective fractional diffusion coefficient in an arbitrary periodic potential is obtained in closed form in terms of two quadratures. This theoretical result is corroborated by numerical simulations for different shapes of the periodic potential. Normal and fractional spreading processe...

We show that the switchable mirror material YHx can be used both as an indicator to monitor and as an agent to control hydrogen diffusion in thin films. The applicability of the optical-indicator technique is demonstrated for VHx thin films. The diffusion coefficient is typically 10 25 cm/s at concentrations around 0.7 H/V at temperatures between 373 and 473 K. Deposition of a layer of Y on V m...