background and purpose: experience and clinical competence are the important factors affecting the level of dignity and respect for nurses. this study aimed to evaluate the observance rate of respect for nurses from physicians, colleagues, patients and their family members. methods: this study was conducted on 200 nurses selected by census sampling from hospitals of sanandaj, kurdistan, iran in...

background: to determine the possible sources for the transmission of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection to children in babol, north of iran.methods: forty-five boys and 35 girls with the mean age of 9.2±5.1 years were evaluated from 1993 to 2004. hepatitis b viral markers in all the family members were assessed. the risk factors for other sources were also determined.results: sixty-five (81.3%)...

background: mothers’ empowerment in breast-feeding is a key motivational and psychological factor for continuous breast-feeding. therefore, this study was designed to examine the effects of family-centered educational-supportive program on mothers’ empowerment in breastfeeding. materials and methods: in this random clinical trial, pregnant women who met inclusion criteria were gradually selecte...