This paper examines the relation between …nancial development and economic growth by looking at plant-level evidence. I argue that by focusing on a largely exogenous event, the implementation of exchange controls in Venezuela in 1983, this approach avoids many of the challenges facing the literature. Most importantly this quasi-experimental setting allows me to deal directly with the issue of c...

This paper provides a comparative assessment of fiscal decentralization in China and India, including the standard components of expenditure and revenue assignments and institutions for intergovernmental transfers, as well as the nature of sub-national authorities over general economic activity. In particular, the case of China, where town and village enterprises have been very active, is contr...

China has undergone remarkable economic growth spearheaded by industrialization. Chinese industry demands a wide variety of raw materials in increasing amounts in order to manufacture all kinds of products. Industrial demand exceeds domestic supply for several materials. Thus, China needs to import raw materials. In order to satisfy its needs, China has developed global supply chains, which lin...

Education is a key factor in promoting and sustaining economic growth and technological development. It is a complex social, cultural and ethical process designed in a social or cultural context. Education in its broadest sense is any act or experience that has formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual and in its technical sense education is the process by whi...

China is the most populated country in the world and one of the countries with the fastest economic growth over the past three decades. Inequity in health has arisen as a large concern for Chinese society. A new round of health system reforms was initiated by the government in early 2009, aiming to establish a health system in which all people can access basic health care through an equitable, ...

B-HERT believes that a prerequisite for a more prosperous and equitable society in Australia is a more highly-educated community. In material terms it fosters economic growth and improved living standards – through improved productivity and competitiveness with other countries. In terms of equity, individual Australians should have the opportunity to realise their full social, cultural, politic...

As the Chinese Communist Party prepares for the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the reform and opening policy, China’s state ideology is confronted with challenges from various schools of thought. One of them is the “New Left.” The New Left is characterised by an emphasis on the state power to redress the problems of injustice and other negative effects of privatisation, marketisation an...

We study a model of economic growth in which an exogenously changing population enters in the objective function under total utilitarianism and into the state dynamics as the labor input to the production function. We consider an arbitrary population growth until it reaches a critical level (resp. saturation level) at which point it starts growing exponentially (resp. it stops growing altogethe...

Africa is the second-largest continent on Earth in both area and population. It provides a home for more than a billion people in over 50 countries. The majority of the population are found in subSaharan Africa, where improving people’s living conditions presents particularly serious challenges. Here, the nation states are young, challenges abound and often cannot be solved by one country alone...

The relationship among payment style of subsidies, economic growth and poverty is a matter of challenge among economists and policy makers. Neoliberal Institutional Structure in framework of what is called “Washington Consensus” and “structural adjustment policies and economic stabilization” argues on economic advantages of removing food general subsidies so necessity of replacing a most libera...