Understanding why some species have more genetic diversity than others is central to the study of ecology and evolution, and carries potentially important implications for conservation biology. Yet not only does this question remain unresolved, it has largely fallen into disregard. With the rapid decrease in sequencing costs, we argue that it is time to revive it.

Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Section of Conservation Biology, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, St Johanns-Vorstadt 10, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland Karch (Centre de coordination pour la protection des amphibiens et des reptiles de Suisse), Passage Maximilien-de-Meuron 6, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, S...

a Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, USA b Department of Ecosystem & Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA c Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA d U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, UT 84532, USA e Geomega, 2525 28th St., Sui...

Virginia L. Winder, Lance B. McNew, Andrew J. Gregory, Lyla M. Hunt, Samantha M. Wisely and Brett K. Sandercock* Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; United States Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86002, USA; and Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Un...

Laboratory for Conservation Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, Génomique des Populations et Biodiversité, Université J.-Fourier, Grenoble, France Department of Organismic Biology, Ecology & Evolution, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La J...

J. Beck ([email protected]) and L. Ballesteros-Mejia, Univ. of Basel, Dept of Environmental Sciences (Biogeography), CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. – C. M. Buchmann, Univ. of Potsdam, Dept of Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, DE-14469 Potsdam, Germany. – J. Dengler, Univ. of Hamburg, Biocentre Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecology of Plants, DE-22609 Hambur...

The population structure of Aphanius mento in the Seyhan Reservoir was studied on the basis of 834 fish specimens (516 males and 318 females) caught on a monthly basisbetween September 2013 and August 2014. Fish were collected using dip nets of tulle with a 1mm mesh size. The maximum age of fish was found to be 4 years for both sexes combined, the 1 year old age group comprised 62.20% of male s...

a Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK b School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK c Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK d Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of Academy of Sciences Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republ...

The diversity of life is ultimately generated by evolution, and much attention has focused on the rapid evolution of ecological traits. Yet, the tendency for many ecological traits to instead remain similar over time [niche conservatism (NC)] has many consequences for the fundamental patterns and processes studied in ecology and conservation biology. Here, we describe the mounting evidence for ...