‎the second multiplicative zagreb coindex of a simple graph $g$ is‎ ‎defined as‎: ‎$${overline{pi{}}}_2left(gright)=prod_{uvnotin{}e(g)}d_gleft(uright)d_gleft(vright),$$‎ ‎where $d_gleft(uright)$ denotes the degree of the vertex $u$ of‎ ‎$g$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we compare $overline{{pi}}_2$-index with‎ ‎some well-known graph invariants such as the wiener index‎, ‎schultz‎ ‎index‎, ‎eccentric co...

The prescription of eccentric loading is considered as a mainstay of non-operative rehabilitation programmes for mid-substance chronic Achilles tendinopathy. Such exercises have some degree of clinical utility in comparison with concentric training and are often referred to as a strengthening programme. Yet the dose parameters of the eccentric loading do not reflect an optimal strengthening pro...

Baptista R, Onzi E, Goulart N, Dos Santos LD, Makarewicz G, Vaz M. Effects of Concentric Versus Eccentric Strength Training on the Elderly’s Knee Extensor Structure and Function. JEPonline 2016;19(3):120-132. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of eccentric vs. concentric 12-wk strength training program on the quadriceps properties of elderly men. Twenty-three subjects performe...

Tendinopathy can result from overuse and is experienced in the affected tendon as pain with activity, focal tenderness to palpation, and decreased ability to tolerate tension, which results in decreased functional strength. While tendinopathy often occurs in those who are active, it can occur in those who are inactive. Research has shown that an eccentric exercise program can be effective in th...

Abstract: Let G = (VG, EG) be a simple connected graph. The eccentric distance sum of G is defined as ξ(G) = ∑ v∈VG εG(v)DG(v), where εG(v) is the eccentricity of the vertex v and DG(v) = ∑ u∈VG dG(u, v) is the sum of all distances from the vertex v. In this paper the tree among n-vertex trees with domination number γ having the minimal eccentric distance sum is determined and the tree among n-...

The practice of incorporating augmented eccentric loading (AEL) into resistance exercise is still relatively new. Although limited, there is evidence supporting the contention that AEL may lead to both superior acute and chronic adaptations over more traditional methods. AEL involves coupled concentric and overloaded eccentric muscle actions, and attempts to optimise the muscular adaptations as...

LaStayo P, Marcus R, Dibble L, Frajacomo F, Lindstedt S. Eccentric exercise in rehabilitation: safety, feasibility, and application. J Appl Physiol 116: 1426–1434, 2014. First published July 3, 2013; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2013.—This nonexhaustive mini-review reports on the application of eccentric exercise in various rehabilitation populations. The two defining properties of eccentric ...

Muscle series elasticity and its contribution to eccentric moment generation was examined in humans. While subjects [male, n = 30; age 26.3 +/- 4.8 (SD) yr; body mass 78.8 +/- 13.1 kg] performed an isometric contraction of the knee extensors at 60 degrees of knee flexion, a quick stretch was imposed with a 12 degrees -step displacement at 100 degrees /s. The test was performed at 10 isometric a...