Recently, European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) countries have witnessed an unprecedented volume of migration, with 1,046,599 migrants arriving in Europe in 2015 [1]. Of these migrants, most have Syrian, Afghan or Iraqi nationality, and they mainly arrived via the eastern Mediterranean route. Before the increase in migration in 2015, the EU/EEA area was already an attractive destinat...

BACKGROUND Trends in cancer mortality for the elderly have long been unfavourable. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mortality from 12 major cancer sites, plus total cancer mortality at age 65-84 in 23 European countries, the US and Japan was analyzed. RESULTS Between the late 1980s and the late 1990s total cancer mortality at age 65 to 84 has been declining in the European Union (UE) (-5.5% in males, ...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from 686 wild and domestic pig specimens place the origin of wild boar in island Southeast Asia (ISEA), where they dispersed across Eurasia. Previous morphological and genetic evidence suggested pig domestication took place in a limited number of locations (principally the Near East and Far East). In contrast, new genetic data reveal multiple centers of domes...

Results As expected, all the three factors, propagule pressure, climate suitability and host availability, significantly explained quarantine arthropod invasions in Europe, but the propagule pressure only had a positive effect on invasion success when considered together with climate suitability and host availability. Climate change according to the A1F1 scenario generally increased the climate...

Life expectancy and other indices of health have deteriorated markedly in the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe over recent decades. The possible roles of lifestyles, knowledge about health and behaviour, emotional wellbeing and perceptions of control were assessed in a cross-sectional survey of young adults of similar educational status in Eastern and Western Europe. As part of the ...

When the Soviet Union collapsed a transition process started in Eastern Europe. This included a number of reforms to adapt the educational system to the new requirements of the job market. To assess the educational systems in Eastern Europe, this paper takes a look at the gap in PISA test scores between F inland, the best performing country, and seven Eastern European countries, as well as, bet...

OBJECTIVE To study the impact of maternal country of birth on type-1-diabetes (T1D) therapy and outcome. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS 27,643 T1D patients aged ≤20 years with documented maternal country of birth from the multicenter German/Austrian diabetes patient registry (DPV) were analyzed. Patients were categorized based on their mother's origin: Germany/Austria (reference), Turkey, Southern ...

Certain autosomal recessive disease conditions are more prevalent in individuals of Eastern European Jewish (Ashkenazi) descent. Previously, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommended that individuals of Eastern European Jewish ancestry be offered carrier screening for Tay-Sachs disease, Canavan disease, and cystic fibrosis as part of routine obstetric care. Based on th...

The collapse of the communist empire coincided with a new wave of constitution making. All the Eastern European countries introduced in the new constitutions an organ in charge of constitutional adjudication modeled on what we define below the Kelsenian type. This was neither surprising nor original. The same phenomenon happened in Southern Europe about 20 years ago after the collapse of fascis...

BACKGROUND As a consequence of the disintegration of the state systems and the expansion of the European Union, there have been marked changes in the political and social affiliations of the countries of Eastern Europe. Of the 22 countries in Northeastern, Centraleastern, Southeastern and Eastern Europe, 12 are now members and 10 are "new" neighbours of the European Union. The accident insuranc...