BACKGROUND Various regions in Iran, especially the Khuzestan Province, have been covered by dust and dirt during the past two years due to environmental changes in the Middle East. We sought to evaluate the effect of these pollutants on the coagulant factors of people residing in Abadan and Khoramshahr, two major cities of Khuzestan Province. METHODS One hundred twenty-nine healthy individual...

INTRODUCTION The Middle East (ME) is a heterogeneous part of the world with variations in mental health services. The spectrum includes countries that have well (e.g., Israel), fair (e.g., Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia), or poor (e.g., Iraq, Syria) services according to the data provided by Jacob et al. (1) (number of psychiatrists per 100,000 population: Israel, 13.7; Bahrain, 5; Qatar, 3.4; Kuwa...

Kidney transplantation in patients with end stage renal disease is preferred to dialysis because transplantation provides a better quality of life and improved survival. However, the gap between the supply and demand for a renal allograft is widening and the waiting time is increasing. Iranian protocol, a controlled transplant program supported by the government for living unrelated donors, was...

Linguatula serrata is one of the important zoonotic parasites. Carnivores serve as definitive host. The larvae existed in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), liver, lungs, etc of intermediate herbivores. The definitive host becomes infected by ingesting viscera containing the infective nymphal stage. Humans may be infected with Linguatula either by ingestion of nymphs resulting in a condition called...

Five species of eriophyoid mites were identified during surveys of mite fauna associated with plant species of the family Compositae from Southwest of East Azerbaijan province during 2010 and 2011. Two of them, Aceria virgatae n. sp. from Centaurea virgata Lam. and Aceria xeranthenzis n. sp. from Xeranthemumn squarrosum Boiss., were found to be new to science. No damage symptoms were observed o...

Saudi Arabia and Iran are engaged in a strenuous competition the Middle East to protect promote their respective spheres of influence, each other’s detriment. This qualitative study traces structural sources this while taking cue from history. It argues that demise Saddam Hussein, Iraq’s plunging into civil war, Arab Spring leading violent movements Syria, Libya, Bahrain, Yemen accentuated Saud...

Iran—formerly called Persia—is located in the Middle East between the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf. It covers 1 648 000 km and has 60 million inhabitants. The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in Iran is about 15 000 and the annual incidence of new ESRD patients is 3175 or 53 patients per million populations per year. Iran has the most successful renal transplant program...

The Syrian civil war which broke out in March 2011 further destabilized the Middle East general and Levant particular. From among many implications of this conflict such as deaths more than 400,000 civilians refugee crisis, it caused heavy involvement regional (such Islamic Republic Iran, GCC states, Jordan, Turkey) trans-regional (the United States, Russia, European countries) actors. Iran has...

CONTEXT The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is classified into seven genotypes and more than 100 subtypes. The treatment regimen, duration and efficacy of HCV therapy may vary according to the HCV genotype. Therefore, the HCV genotype should be determined prior to antiviral therapy. The objective of the current study was to review systematically all studies reporting the distribution of HCV genotypes i...

In the last two decades, we have witnessed three major epidemics of coronavirus human disease namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle Eastern syndrome, and more recently an ongoing global pandemic 2019 (COVID-19). Iran, a country nearly 84 million, in East, severely involved with COVID-19 disease. A documented multidimensional approach to is therefore mandatory provide well-bal...