Limb muscles separate from one another in a complex but highly stereotyped sequence and spatial pattern. The process of separation is characterized by the progression of a region of increased extracellular space, the cleavage zone, along the proximodistal axis between the individual muscle anlagen. We analyzed ultrastructurally the muscles and cleavage zone during the separation of two represen...

Hydatidiform mole is an aberrant pregnancy with abnormal embryonic development and hydropic placental villi. Common moles are sporadic, not recurrent and affect one in every 1500 pregnancies in Western societies. Approximately, half of common moles are complete and mostly diploid androgenetic, whereas the remaining are partial and mostly triploid diandric. NLRP7 has been found to be responsible...

The large and transparent cells of cleavage-stage zebrafish embryos provide unique opportunities to study cell division and cytoskeletal dynamics in very large animal cells. Here, we summarize recent progress, from our laboratories and others, on live imaging of the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons during zebrafish embryonic cleavage. First, we present simple protocols for extending the bree...

The freshwater angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare like many other cichlids show parental care of embryos and larvae. This study was carried out to investigate the embryonic development P. scalare, which shows biparental substrate brooding. During adult reproductive behavior observed. Once eggs were fertilized upon spawning, early later stages observed, documented various embryo length measurements...

Abstract Background Amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing is central to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) etiology. As early cognitive alterations in AD are strongly correlated abnormal information due increasing synaptic impairment, it crucial characterize how peptides generated through APP cleavage modulate synapse function. We previously described a novel pathway producing η-secretase-derived (A...

Early endosomal changes, a prominent pathology in neurons early in Alzheimer's disease, also occur in neurons and peripheral tissues in Down syndrome. While in Down syndrome models increased amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) expression is known to be a necessary contributor on the trisomic background to this early endosomal pathology, increased AβPP alone has yet to be shown to be sufficient t...

Abstract Study question What is the clinical outcome of instant irregular cleavage (IDC) from zygote to three cells? Summary answer IDC embryos, did not develop blastocysts and acieve pregnancy; FC embryos that reached blastocyst stage exerted similar pregnancy rates as control known already Evaluation morphology one earliest embryonic stages investigated. Several grading systems were proposed ...

Centrosomin (CNN), a core Drosophila centrosome protein, interacts with the newly identified protein Centrocortin to promote cleavage furrow formation in the early embryo. Significantly, this activity is distinct from CNN's well-established role in centrosome-based microtubule organization.

The Silurian Croagh Patrick succession, which crops out just south of a fundamental Caledonian structural zone near Clew Bay, western Ireland, is series psammites and pelites with strong penetrative cleavage. These rocks are intruded by the Corvock granite. A suite minor intrusions associated granite contains regional cleavage whereas undeformed. New U–Pb dates 413 +7 / –4 Ma for strongly cleav...