objective: fusarium diseases that cause grain mold and stalk rot of millet are the most important diseases, of these crops in iran. fusarium can cause stalk rots, ear rots, and grain mold, resulting in serious production losses in millet, and produce mycotoxins that are harmful to both humans and domesticated animals.  methods: a total of 23 fusarium isolates were recovered from foxtail millet ...

Listening to music and conversing with friends are processes that are made possible by human audition. The primary conduit for such aural perception in humans is the ear. The human ear is a complex system that encodes sounds that travel through it. Due to its physical construction, the ear gives rise to many interesting aural phenomena. In this paper, the physics of the ear are discussed, and s...

A multicomponent protein complex containing manganese (II)-dependent peroxidase, laccase and beta-glucosidase was isolated from culture extracts of the white rot basidiomycete Lentinula edodes. This protein complex showed a single protein band on native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). On sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-PAGE, however, it displayed three major bands and several additional...

Steingrimsson’s coloring complex and Jonsson’s unipolar complex are interpreted in terms of hyperplane arrangements. This viewpoint leads to short proofs that all coloring complexes and a large class of unipolar complexes have convex ear decompositions. These convex ear decompositions impose strong new restrictions on the chromatic polynomials of all finite graphs.

The vasorelaxing activity of rotundifolone (ROT), a major constituent (63.5%) of the essential oil of Mentha x villosa, was tested in male Wistar rats (300-350 g). In isolated rat aortic rings, increasing ROT concentrations (0.3, 1, 10, 100, 300, and 500 microg/ml) inhibited the contractile effects of 1 microM phenylephrine and of 80 or 30 mM KCl (IC50 values, reported as means +/- SEM = 184 +/...

Brown rot, also known as bacterial wilt, is one of the most destructive diseases of potato. The disease has been estimated to affect about 3.75 million acres in approximately 80 countries throughout the world with global damage estimates currently over $950 million per year. The disease is known to occur in the wet tropics, sub-tropics and some temperate regions of the world. In the United Stat...

Correlating plant litter decay rates with initial tissue traits (e.g. C, N contents) is common practice, but in woody litter, predictive relationships are often weak. Variability in predicting wood decomposition is partially due to territorial competition among fungal decomposers that, in turn, have a range of nutritional strategies (rot types) and consequences on residues. Given this biotic in...