Heritable mutations in the germ line lead to genetically heterogeneous, or mosaic, gonads. Many of the genes used in germ-line development also play roles in somatic development [Saffman, E. E. & Lasko, P. (1999) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 55, 1141-1163]. Mutations in these genes may have cellular phenotypes throughout germ-line development leading to their differential elimination or survival, as ha...

In an e-marketplace populated with a large number of sellers, some of which may be dishonest, the selection of good sellers to do business with is crucial but challenging especially when buyers do not have much experience with these sellers. In this paper we introduce the SALE POMDP, a framework for the seller selection problem that allows the decision maker to reason both about the quality of ...

In this report we present a transgenic mouse model in which we targeted gene expression specifically to B-lymphocytes. Using the human CD19 promoter, we expressed major histocompatibility complex class II I-E molecules specifically on B cells of all tissues, but not on other cell types. If only B cells expressed I-E in a class II-deficient background, positive selection of CD4(+) T cells could ...

Three species of flatworms from the genus Echinococcus (E. granulosus, E. multilocularis and E. vogeli) and four strains of E. granulosus (cattle, horse, pig and sheep strains) were analysed by the PCR-SSCP method followed by sequencing, using as targets two non-coding and two coding (one nuclear and one mitochondrial) genomic regions. The sequencing data was used to evaluate hypothesis about t...

Submodular function maximization is one of the key problems that arise in many machine learning tasks. Greedy selection algorithms are the proven choice to solve such problems, where prior theoretical work guarantees (1 − 1/e) approximation ratio. However, it has been empirically observed that greedy selection provides almost optimal solutions in practice. The main goal of this paper is to expl...

In this paper, we examine a method for feature subset selection based on Information Theory. Initially, a framework for de ning the theoretically optimal, but computationally intractable, method for feature subset selection is presented. We show that our goal should be to eliminate a feature if it gives us little or no additional information beyond that subsumed by the remaining features. In pa...

emergency medicine is a relatively new specialty in iran. therefore, the general public and the medical community do not have enough information on its duties, capabilities, its nature, and its work schedule or its degree of occupational difficulty compared to other specialties. hence, an insight from the early group of residents who selected this specialty can help identify the strengths and w...

in this paper, the researchers have proposed a multi-dimensional knapsack model for project capital budgeting problem in uncertain situation which has been modeled through fuzzy sets. the optimistic and pessimistic situations were considered and associated deterministic models were yielded. numerical example has been supplied toillustrate the performance of proposed model. the results were prom...

background & aim: german chamomile is one of the most important medicinal plants. so, assessment of genetic diversity and relationship among the traits are very essential in chamomile breeding programs. determination of the best indirect selection criteria for genetic improvement of essence percent and dry flower yield of german chamomile (matricaria chamomilla l.) populations was investiga...

Monocarpic plant species, where reproduction is fatal, frequently exhibit variation in the length of their prereproductive period prior to flowering. If this life-history variation in flowering strategy has a genetic basis, genotype-by-environment interactions (G x E) may maintain phenotypic diversity in flowering strategy. The native monocarpic plant Common Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis ...