The market for the public transit fare payment system using contactless smart cards is rapidly growing, however, the payment systems provided by different vendors are not interoperable. This paper presents an interoperable payment protocol for the public transit fare payment system using contactless smart cards. We also present implementation results of a PSAM (Purchase Secure Application Modul...

Mobile payment is implied as the accelerator of e-business and m-commerce. Currently mobile payments deal with several hindrances to improve requirements of m-commerce such as: simplifying the mobile payment processes for consumers, improving the security of payment, especially the application of digital signing in mobile payment. In this paper the alternate payments industry is defined as cons...

This assessment of the future of Internet payments concentrates on the potential of serverbased Internet payment systems. The central server-based approach is seen as a relevant future trend and "paradigm shift" in the development of Internet Payment systems, and the analysis therefore goes beyond the mere observation of a "second generation" of Internet payment systems (such as prepaid scratch...

Many electronic cash systems have been proposed with the proliferation of the Internet and the activation of electronic commerce. E-cash enables the exchange of digital coins with value assured by the bank’s signature and with concealed user identity. In an electronic cash system, a user can withdraw coins from the bank and then spends each coin anonymously and unlinkably. In this paper, we des...

Economic values of milk volume (VOL), fat yield (FYLD), protein yield (PYLD), live weight (LWT), longevity (LON), calving interval (CIV) and somatic cell score (SCS) were derived for Holstein and Jersey cattle, based on milk payment systems of four major milk buyers in South Africa. The economic value of somatic cell score was calculated for only two of the payment systems. A bio-economic model...

electronic money that defined as stored-value on an electronic device and at present time is last phase of gradual evolution of money, is described as process of immaterialization and being invisibility of money. it is new phenomenon that in economic view has potential for play the roles of money and its functions. for analysis of legal nature of this phenomenon two approaches can be adopted. f...

Internet technology has influenced banking systems because of its capability to enhance the performance financial operations. Several factors influence adoption new within industry. Namely customers’ perception benefit, quality, Ease Use, Security, Self-Efficacy, and Trust. However, various cultures geopolitical issues are therefore worth further study. This paper focuses on that behaviors Saud...

The goal of this study is to examine and identify the factors influencing customer attitude toward intention use digital wallets (electronic wallets, e-wallets) during after COVID-19 pandemic. A total 257 correctly fulfilled questionnaires from an online survey were summarized. main features e-wallet payment systems classified with a focus on consumer satisfaction via integration classic modern...