Over the last three decades the role of banking in the process of financial intermediation has been undergoing a profound transformation, owing to changes in the global financial system. India’s banking system has seen some major financial innovations in the past decade as well as steps to promote financial inclusion, schemes that aim to take banking services to yet-to-be-banked areas. The vari...

Automated recognition of handwritten characters and digits is a challenging task. Although significant amount literature exists for automatic English other major languages in the world, there wide research gap due to lack Urdu language. The variations writing style, shape size individual similarities with add complexity accurate classification characters. Deep neural networks have emerged as po...

This work aims to present the main modules of a typical Handwriting Document Processing and Analysis System (HDPAS): data acquisition, preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and recognition. First, the relevant aspects of each HDPAS process are given, different types of documents, filtering and segmentation techniques applied to extract the interested data. Then, the main Hidden Markov...

The so-called ‘Oxford Study’ by Flyvbjerg et al shows Olympic cost overrun of 170-750% with a substantial risk further above this range in the future. aim paper is to re-analyse results using method accordance international convention comparing across time and geographies. dataset used has abundantly more governmental data than Oxford Study. Study for period 2000–2016 could not be replicated. I...

OBJECTIVE Alcohol overuse and poverty, each associated with premature death, often exist within disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Cheque cashing places (CCPs) may be opportunistically placed in disadvantaged neighbourhoods, where customers abound. We explored whether neighbourhood density of CCPs and alcohol outlets are each related to premature mortality among adults. DESIGN Retrospective popula...