The efficiency of sum-frequency generation at an air–metal interface can be enormously increased by coupling one of the input waves into a surface polariton. Experimental results for various configurations of input beams and couplers are discussed. PACS: 42.65.Ky; 41.60.Cr; 73.20.M Over the last ten years sum-frequency (SF) generation has developed into a standard tool for the study of surfaces...

We investigated how spatial pattern, background, and dynamic range affect perceived gloss in brightly lit real scenes. Observers viewed spherical objects against uniform backgrounds. There were three possible objects. Two were black matte spheres with circular matte white dots painted on them (matte-dot spheres). The third sphere was painted glossy black (glossy black sphere). Backgrounds were ...

This study proposes a modeling methodology for the description of tribo-dynamic behavior generic point contacts, considering surface defect/failure type excitation. A twin-disk contact set-up is developed to experimentally determine acceleration induced by lab-controlled groove feature present on one mating surfaces. The periodic passage this artificial defect through lubricated zone leads forc...

We report a molecular simulation study on the non-monotonic behavior of critical temperature, Tcp, of a confined Yukawa fluid. Close to the adhesive hard sphere (AHS) range of the surface–fluid interaction, Tcp monotonically increases with increasing surface–fluid interaction range. Subsequently, after a certain threshold value, depending on the surface interaction well depth, Tcp decreases mon...

This paper addresses the problem of the fundamental frequency (F0) determination of a speech signal, and proposes four improvements to conventional frequency-domain methods. The major improvement is a multi-scale analysis which extends the range of F0 that can be correctly processed. It builds on the lag-window method proposed by Sagayama (1978), hence the name “multi-lagwindow”. Secondly, a mo...

Based on the nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory, the dynamic stability of functionally gradded (FG) nanoeams under axial load is studied in thermal environment, with considering surface effect. It is used power law distribution for FGM and the surface stress effects are considered based on Gurtin-Murdoch continuum theory. Using Von Karman geometric nonlinearity, governing equations are derived bas...

abstract this study was conducted to determine the impacts of different drip irrigation method and amount of water on yield and water use efficiency of tomato in varamin agricultural research center, iran. the study was done during two years. experimental design was randomized complete blocks design (rcbd) in split plot with three replications. three different drip irrigation method; surface dr...

BACKGROUND Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is an optical imaging technique that reveals biological processes within small animals through non-invasively reconstructing the distributions of fluorescent agents. The primary problem in FMT with non-stationary fluorescent yield is the increase of the unknown parameters to be reconstructed. In this paper, a method is proposed to reconstruct d...

We study the dynamic yield stress in dense colloidal suspensions by analyzing the time evolution of the pair distribution function for colloidal particles interacting through a Lennard-Jones potential. We find that the equilibrium pair distribution function is unstable with respect to a certain anisotropic perturbation in the regime of low temperature and high density. By applying a bifurcation...

This study extends a state-space representation of the yield curve and the macroeconomy to a small open economy in order to study the dynamic interaction between the yield curves in Canada and the U.S. The framework treats the U.S. term structure of interest rates as being exogenous to both the Canadian yield curve and macroeconomy. The empirical results support very strong links between the yi...