Dynamic instability, the stochastic switching between growth and shrinkage, is essential for microtubule function. This behavior is driven by GTP hydrolysis in the microtubule lattice and is inhibited by anticancer agents like Taxol. We provide insight into the mechanism of dynamic instability, based on high-resolution cryo-EM structures (4.7-5.6 Å) of dynamic microtubules and microtubules stab...

Vibratory rollers are mainly used for the near-surface compaction of granular media a wide variety construction tasks. In addition to pronounced depth effect, vibratory have offered possibility work-integrated control (intelligent compaction) decades. State-of-the-art measurement values intelligent (ICMVs) only take into account, if at all, constant geometry contact area between drum and soil. ...

The compaction of soils used for crop production is becoming an increasingly important consideration in South Africa following the shift towards reduced tillage and increased mechanisation of in-season operations and harvesting. The intensification of dairying has also been found to have a deleterious effect on soil quality, particularly in terms of compaction by trampling, which results in los...

Soil compaction reduces rooting, infiltration, water storage, aeration, drainage, and crop growth. Soil compaction has been studied intensively for more than a century, and yet we still struggle with the effect that soil compaction has on crop production and the environment. In this article, we attempt to present the primary causes of soil compaction including trafficking weak soil, excessive l...

Stream compaction is an important parallel computing primitive that produces a reduced (compacted) output stream consisting of only valid elements from an input stream containing both invalid and valid elements. Computing on this compacted stream rather than the mixed input stream leads to improvements in performance, load balancing, and memory footprint. Stream compaction has numerous applicat...

The influence of compaction water content on the structure has been well known forclayey soils, but has never been studied for granular materials. In this paper the structure of a nonplastictill and the effect of compaction moisture is investigated by means of water retention curvestudy, scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry tests. The results show thatwhen compacted on...

Abstract In order to maintain the long-term dynamic stability of gravel soil subgrade under traffic loading and prevent fatigue damage, it is necessary determine strength different working conditions. The triaxial test was carried out on 40 groups remolded samples chosen 8 Based results test, εp-N curves εp-lgN were drawn. Further, σd-lgNf drawn, finally, computation model established. effects ...