1. introduction dust storm is an important atmospheric phenomenon. it has important environment, health, economic and social activities due to penetration of suspended particles of dust to the atmosphere. measurements resulting from earth and satellite stations show the fact that particles of dust in storms, remain in the nature for a long time. they can get far away by wind, hundreds of kilome...

introduction one of the factors that affect the climate of arid and semi-arid areas is dust storm. numerical models are new methods for evaluation of dust storms which can also be used for forecasting dust storms. weather patterns that lead to dust outbreaks can be simulated using computer models that support a wide range of simulations related to the long-range transport, dispersion, and depos...

mineral dust is produced from both natural and anthropogenic sources. dust aerosols can be transported over long distances in the atmosphere. they reduce the incident shortwave radiation to the surface by absorbing and scattering the solar radiation; thereby leading to a cooling effect at the surface and lower tropospheric temperature. on the other hand, by absorption and re-emission of longwav...

  Nonlinear Dust lattice modes are studied in a hexagonal two-dimensional dusty plasma lattice, in presence of charge gradient of dust particles. In this lattice, such gradients affect nonlinear behavior of dust lattice waves. The amplitude modulation of off-plane transverse dust lattice wave packets is investigated considering the anisotropy of interactions, caused by the height-dependent char...

The lunar dust problem was first formulated in 1969 with NASA’s successful mission to land a human being on the surface of Moon. Subsequent Apollo missions failed keep at bay, so exposure unavoidable. In 1972, Harrison Schmitt suffered brief sneezing attack, red eyes, an itchy throat, and congested sinuses response dust. Some additional astronauts also reported allergy-like symptoms after track...

Censorship of free speech on the Internet has been an increasing problem as the methods of identifying and filtering traffic have become more sophisticated. A number of approaches to counteract Internet censorship have been implemented, from censorship-resistant publishing systems to anonymizing proxies. While existing systems provide protection against some attacks, they fail to provide resist...

1. introduction in recent years, desert dust frequency has increased in the global system. due to lack of vegetation in the regions prone to dust, the earth’s surface air becomes warm enough in these regions, moves upward and causes a cold downward circular air flow when it collides with upper tropospheric winds. when these winds strongly hit the earth’s surface, they create dust storms (xuan e...