This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. FIG. 1. Abdominopelvic computed tomo-graphy (CT) scan showed a heterogeneous enhancing mass ...

Retrocaval ureter is a rare cause of hydronephrosis. Its rarity and non-specific presentation pose a challenge to surgeons and radiologists in making the correct diagnosis. Differentiation from other causes of urinary tract obstruction, especially the more common urolithiasis, is important for successful surgical management. Current practice has seen multislice computed tomography (MSCT) rapidl...

A 42 years lady was reported. Patient was worked up and was found to have stone in the upper third of the right ureter. She underwent a session of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) but the stone was too hard to fragment in a single session. She then underwent ureterorenoscopy (URS) the next day. The ureteric orifice was very tight for negotiation of ureterorenoscope due to tight uret...

Development of the metanephric kidney requires the concerted interaction of two tissues, the epithelium of the ureteric duct and the metanephric mesenchyme. Signals from the ureter induce the metanephric mesenchyme to condense and proliferate around the ureter tip, reciprocal signals from the mesenchyme induce the ureter tip to grow and to branch. Wnt genes encode secreted glycoproteins, which ...

BACKGROUND Laparoscopy is an important surgical technique, and an understanding of normal and altered anatomy is crucial for successful surgery. We describe herein a patient in whom the left ureter follows an anomalous course due to previous surgery. METHODS This is the case report of a 28-year-old female with a history of ureteral reimplantation evaluated with laparoscopy for dysmenorrhea an...