The two investigated algae had almost identical sterol composition, but there were significant differences in the composition of the polar components and especially in the composition of the volatiles. P. denudata f. fragilis extracts possessed a stronger biological activity (antibacterial, antifungal and toxicity against Artemia salina). Despite the minute morphological differences between the...

Dissolved oxygen plays a key role in microalgal growth at high density. This effect was so far rarely quantified. Here we propose new model to represent the combined of light, concentration and temperature (LOT-model) on microalgae growth. The LOT-model introduces order oxidative stress affecting cultures, adding toxicity term expression net rate. validated with experimental data for several sp...

Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, a small tropical evergreen shrub growing in Nepal, has numerous uses in traditional medicine for treatment of abdominal pain, diarrhea, stomach ache, headache, edema, thrombosis, and blood stasis. The present study investigated the chemical composition and bioactivities of the leaf essential oil from M. paniculata from Nepal. The essential oil from leaves was obtai...

Photosynthesis uses light as a source of energy but its excess can result in production of harmful oxygen radicals. To avoid any resulting damage, phototrophic organisms can employ a process known as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), where excess light energy is safely dissipated as heat. The mechanism(s) of NPQ vary among different phototrophs. Here, we describe a new type of NPQ in the organ...

This work evaluated an ethanolic extract from Morus alba leaves for toxicity to Artemia salina, oral toxicity to mice, and antimicrobial activity. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenes in the extract, which did not show toxicity to A. salina nauplii. No mortality and behavioral alterations were detected for mice treated with the extract ...

An effective transformation protocol for Dunaliella, a β-carotene producer, was developed using the synergistic mechanism of D-glucose and Acetosyringone on three different Agrobacterium strains (EHA105, GV3101 and LBA4404). In the present study, we investigated the pre-induction of Agrobacterium strains harboring pMDC45 binary vector in TAP media at varying concentrations of D-glucose (5 mM, 1...

The effects of osmotic shocks on polyphosphates and on the vacuolar fluorescent indicator atebrin have been investigated to test whether acidic vacuoles in the halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina have a role in osmoregulation. Upshocks and downshocks induce different patterns of polyphosphate hydrolysis. Upshocks induce rapid formation of new components, tentatively identified as 5 or 6 linear ...

The production of compounds via enzymatic esterification has great scientific and technological interest due to the several inconveniences related to acid catalysis, mainly by these systems do not fit to the concept of "green chemistry". Besides, natural products as clove oil present compounds with excellent biological potential. Bioactives compounds are often toxic at high doses. The evaluatio...

BACKGROUND In South African traditional medicine, some are plants known to combat pediatric diseases and are commonly used by traditional healers. The aim was to evaluate cytotoxicity effects of plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ground plant material was exhaustively extracted using methanol, acetone and water separately for 72 hrs. These organic solvents were removed from filtrates using a r...

The intracellular phosphorus and carbon metabolites in the halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina adapted to different salinities were monitored in living cells by 31Pand "3C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The 13C-NMR studies showed that the composition of the visible intracellular carbon metabolites other than glycerol is not signiflcantly affected by the salinity of the growth me...