Purpose. Incidental durotomy is a relatively common complication for patients undergoing posterior spinal surgery. Delineating anatomical variants in the posterior lumbar spinal canal is crucial in reducing future rates of incidental durotomy. Materials and Methods. The ligamentous attachments between the dura mater and ligamentum flavum in the lumbar region of 17 soft-fixed cadavers were inves...

Background Epidural blood patch (EBP) is a recognized treatment for spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak (SCFL) and is typically administered by the interlaminar approach. Here, we report a case of a patient in whom SCFL failed to resolve after three applications of interlaminar EBPs before finally being successfully treated with transforaminal EBP. Case presentation We report a case of a 41-...

1 of 2 DESCRIPTION A 57-year-old marathon runner presented with orthostatic dizziness and headache, which appeared just after running a few kilometres and had persisted for 7 days. No other neurological abnormalities were found. On lumbar puncture, the initial pressure was zero. A cranial MRI with gadolinium showed a marked enhancement of the dura mater ( fi gure 1 , arrows). MR cisternography ...

BACKGROUND TGF-β has been described as a mediator of fibrosis and scarring. Several studies achieved reduction in experimental scarring through the inhibition of TGF-β. Fibroblasts have been defined as the cell population originating fibrosis, blocking fibroblast invasion may impair epidural fibrosis appearance. For this purpose, biocompatible materials used as mechanical barriers and a TGF-β i...

This study evaluated the quantity and quality of newly formed vertical bone induced by sputtered hydroxyapatite-coated titanium implants compared with sandblasted acid-etched implants after dura mater elevation. Hydroxyapatite-coated and non-coated implants (n = 20/group) were used and divided equally into two groups. All implants were randomly placed into rabbit calvarial bone (four implants f...

not easily forgotten, and once pictured in the mind's eye by the aid of an accurate description, there can be but little danger that when thereafter encountered they might be mistaken for anything else. Descriptions of such cysts abound in the records of most asylums, and it may be well to open -what I have to say regarding them by quoting a description from the archives of the West Riding Asyl...

ly form in the adult type, mature cartilage (1, 2). Pathologically, chondromas are classified as enchondromas when they are located within the bone (within the medullary cavity), as periosteal chondromas when they are on the surface of the bone and as soft tissue chondromas when they are in the extra-osseous and extra-synovial soft tissue regions (2). Soft tissue chondromas are also called extr...

abstract persian shallot (moseer) belongs to alliaceae family, is a perennial medicinal and industrial edible alliums in iran. very little information is available about different aspects of this species particularly on its agronomical production. in order to determine optimum sowing date and plant density in persian shallot, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on complete randomize...

research providing evidence that dura mater does not represent a mere covering to the central nervous system. The evidence provided by the authors is that CSD reduces blood flow in the dura mater and the hypothesis is that such reduction reflects metabolic changes in the brain via connections between cortical and dural blood supplies. The relevance of the finding is the possible activation of n...

Synthesis of new nanoporous carbon with hexagonally ordered mesostructure. J Am Chem Soc 2000;122:10712–5. [6] Kim SS, Pinnavaia TJ. A low cost route to hexagonal mesostructured carbon molecular sieves. Chem Commun 2001:2418–9. [7] Lee J, Yoon S, Oh SM, Shin S, Hyeon T. Development of a new mesoporous carbon using an HMS aluminosilicate template. Adv Mater 2000;12:359–63. [8] Lee J, Joo SH, Ryo...