Objective: Drug use craving is one of the most high-profile topics in the science of addictive disorders. This study aimed at determining the role of moral disengagement and social intelligence in predicting drug use craving among substance users. Method: A descriptive research method and a correlational research design were used for the conduct of this study. The substance users who had referr...

learning english is very popular all over the world nowadays and it is considered a high prestigious language among citizens of different societies. one of the most important materials for learning a new language are textbooks. the debate that whether learning a new language is natural and neutral or ideological and influential on people’s worldviews, has always been of great importance.

teachers beliefs have usually been left unattended in the realm of educational research in iranian context. one of those beliefs which seems to impact teachers performance in the classroom is their sense of self-efficacy, which refers to teachers belief in their ability to enhance student achievement and in bringing about positive learning outcomes. the present study aimed to investigate the pr...

the present paper offers a postcolonial reading of two of the best novels by v. s. naipaul – half a life and the mimic men – in five chapters. the focus of this research is on different notions of postcolonial criticism and their application on the two novels as discussed from homi bhabha’s and frantz fanons points of view. having introduced the life and literary career of v. s. naipaul in th...

implicit and unobserved errors and vulnerabilities issues usually arise in cryptographic protocols and especially in authentication protocols. this may enable an attacker to make serious damages to the desired system, such as having the access to or changing secret documents, interfering in bank transactions, having access to users’ accounts, or may be having the control all over the syste...

Background & Aims: Although affective disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs) frequently co-occur, the role of affective dysregulation in addiction is often overlooked. Individuals with affective psychopathology have been shown to demonstrate high rates of comorbid SUDs. These findings have suggested that the PA and NA systems may differentially mediate different aspects of substance ...