With a view to evaluating a small-scale water disinfection system based on production and application of oxidizing gases, the level of equivalent residual chlorine and the degree of contamination by fecal and total coliform bacteria was assessed at various points in the drinking water system of a Mexico City hospital before and after installation of the disinfection equipment. Tests done in May...

background and aims. as a result of poor quality of public water supply in many countries, people have recently turned to bottled water consumption, the fluoride content of which is not generally consistent among different brands. this study sought to measure the fluoride concentration of public water supply in comparison with commercial brands of mineral bottled water available in tehran, iran...

background: reverse osmosis (ro) is an increasingly common method of desalination. a full scale water desalination system by membrane technology (ro) evaluated in a southern city (jask) in iran. methods: first, data collection on water supply and network were performed. analysis on most of the water quality parameters (turbidity, ph, ec, cl-, na+, alkalinity, ca, na, k, no3, no2, fe, mg, mn, nh...

drinking water quality can be deteriorated by microbial and toxic chemicals during transport, storage and handling before using by the consumer. this study was conducted to evaluate the microbial and physicochemical quality of drinking water from bottled water coolers.a total of 64 water samples, over a 5-month period in 2012-2013, were collected from free standing bottled water coolers and wat...

Background: Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an increasingly common method of desalination. A full scale water desalination system by membrane technology (RO) evaluated in a southern city (Jask) in Iran. Methods: First, data collection on water supply and network were performed. Analysis on most of the water quality parameters (Turbidity, pH, EC, Cl-, Na+, Alkalinity, Ca, Na, K, No3, No2, Fe, Mg, Mn, NH...

Drinking water has received considerable attention recently. However, misuse and mismanagement have resulted in a rapid and widespread decline in source-water quality and supply. Water quality guidelines can be used to identify constituents of concern in water, to determine the levels to which the constituents of water must be treated for drinking purposes. Membrane technology for the water cyc...

The process by which regulatory standards are established for drinking water contaminants is based on extrapolating animal toxicity data to humans using a standard mathematical model. The assumptions and judgments involved introduce a relatively high degree of uncertainty and conservativeness into both the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the process. Setting standards based on knowled...

A cross-regional comparative study was conducted to survey the drinking behaviors of university students, in Singapore, Hong Kong, and Macau. In particular, I tested students’ preference for bottled water over filtered tap water, in a context where the latter option is widely accessible, free of charge, and meets drinking standards. It was found that Singapore has a relatively low rate of bottl...

drinking water has received considerable attention recently. however, misuse and mismanagement have resulted in a rapid and widespread decline in source-water quality and supply. water quality guidelines can be used to identify constituents of concern in water, to determine the levels to which the constituents of water must be treated for drinking purposes. membrane technology for the water cyc...

river water is not only an indispensable source for irrigation but also plays a vital role for drinking water supply for most of the urban municipalities. water from rivers is pumped at specific sites and after treatment at municipal water treatment plants supplied as domestic potable water supply. the present study was undertaken to assess the suitability of gomti river water at gaughat being ...