The scarcity of drinkable water supplies is becoming a serious and troubling challenge to long-term development. This issue emphasises the urgency implementing rapid desalination options. However, capital-intensive process that requires significant amount energy, since it now mostly powered by fossil fuels across globe, has potential leave carbon footprint. In this light, transitioning green en...

introduction: in the present study, dealing with water deficit challenges for gorgan river basin has been considered. golestan province's economy is dependent on agriculture but the occurrence of drought periods reduced the agricultural production and consequently the region's economy is in crisis. therefore, performing studies for programming and management of the water resources of the provin...

High silica content of de-inked paper mill effluents is limiting their regeneration and reuse after membrane treatments such as reverse osmosis (RO). Silica removal during softening processes is a common treatment; however, the effluent from the paper mill studied has a low hardness content, which makes the addition of magnesium compounds necessary to increase silica removal. Two soluble magnes...

Landfill leachate is one of the most important sources of toxic organic compounds for ground and surface waters. Advanced oxidation processes can offer an effective and environmentally friendly method for pretreatment of landfill leachates. In this study, an ultrasonic process was used for the pre-treatment of landfill leachate with the objective of improving its overall biodegradability, evalu...

The authors investigated different sulfolane concentrations in surface water and also performed the field study. The results showed that the practical threshold value of sulfolane affecting the organoleptic property (order) of water amounted to 10.6 mg/L. The sulfolane concentration did not inhibit the process of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The chronic threshold and no-effect doses for sul...

The scenario of the present era shows that the environmental impact was high on water resources. Water is the eternal source for living with nature. The contamination of groundwater resources is hike at many areas. In this paper an attempt has been taken to analyze the physical and chemical parameters groundwater in the city of Tiruppur. The city of Tiruppur is famous for textiles. There is an ...

Heavily polluted sediment is becoming an important part of water pollution, and this situation is particularly acute in developing countries. Sediment has gradually changed from being the pollution adsorbent to the release source and has influenced the water environment and public health. In this study, we evaluated the pollutant distribution in sediment in a heavily polluted river and agitated...

The dilution biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) test has widespread application for design and operation of wastewater treatment processes, evaluating the quality of natural waters, and assessing the effect of wastewater discharges on these waters. While standardization of the BOD-measuring method has become of prime importance in maintaining dependable data acquisition, changes are made as needed...

The demand forecasting is essential for all production and non-production systems. However, nowadays there are only few researches on this area. Most of researches somehow benefited from simulation in the conditions of demand uncertainty. But this paper presents an iterative method to find most probable stochastic demand point with normally distributed and independent variables of n-dime...