Activated sludge is widely used to treat municipal and industrial wastewater globally and the formation of activated sludge flocculates (flocs) underpins the ability to separate sludge from treated water. Despite the importance of activated sludge flocs to human civilization there have been precious few attempts to rationally design fit for purpose flocs using a bottom-up approach based on a so...

This work deals with the effect of combined microwave-ultrasonic pretreatment on the anaerobic biodegradability of primary, excess activated and mixed sludge. The characteristics, biodegradability and anaerobic digester performance for untreated primary, excess activated and mixed sludge were compared to combined microwave-ultrasonic pretreated primary, excess activated and mixed sludge. All sl...

The slow degradation rate of sewage sludge in anaerobic digestors is due to the rate limiting step of sludge hydrolysis. The effect of ultrasound pretreatment on sludge degradability was investigated using ultrasound at a frequency of 31 kHz and high acoustic intensities. Ultrasound treatment resulted in raw sludge disintegration as was demonstrated by increase of Chemical Oxygen Demand in the ...

Municipal sewage sludge can be used as a fertilizer for crops but may also introduce undesirable metals into the food chain, especially when used on acid minesoils. In this study, sewage sludge from Morgantown, WV was surface applied to two acid minesoils and a neutral undisturbed soil to evaluate sludge application rates on forage production, nutrient loadings, and on heavy metal accumulation ...

In this study, three different electrocoagulation (EC) sludges were studied as an adsorbent (removal of humic acids) and a catalyst [catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) bisphenol A (BPA)]. The originated from process in which aluminum (Al) iron (Fe) electrodes used for the treatment mining industry wastewater. All materials dried sludge calcined material. stability these was neutral alkalin...

Abstract This paper discusses the properties of dried sewage sludge (SS) and its influence on microstructure development HVFA concrete when used as a partial replacement binder material. A detailed characterization samples collected from treatment plant is carried out using XRF, XRD, TGA, FTIR techniques. mix designed for 50 MPa with 50% fly ash total content. Sludge ground to particle size 150...

The treatment and disposal of sewage sludge is an expensive and environmentally sensitive problem. It is also a growing problem world-wide since sludge production will continue to increase as new sewage treatment works are built and environmental quality standards become more stringent. With some traditional disposal routes coming under pressure, and others such as sea disposal having been phas...

Sewage sludge was disposed of in Liverpool Bay for over 100 years. Annual amounts increased from 0.5 million tonnes per annum in 1900 to approximately 2 million tonnes per annum by 1995. Macrofauna and a suite of environmental variables were collected at a station adjacent to, and a reference station distant from, the disposal site over 13 years, spanning a pre- (1990-1998) and post- (1999-2003...

This paper critically reviews the fate of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) in biosolids, with emphasis on identifying operation conditions that impact the accumulation of TrOCs in sludge during conventional wastewater and sludge treatment and assessing the technologies available for TrOC removal from biosolids. The fate of TrOCs during sludge thickening, stabilisation (e.g. aerobic digestion,...