We read with interest Junemann-Ramirez and colleagues’ article [1] on esophagogastric anastomotic leaks and their analysis of predictive factors, management and survival. We agree with the authors that esophagogastric anastomotic leaks are the most devastating of complications after esophageal resection and that they carry high morbidity and mortality rates. The choice of surgical procedure has...

We read with interest Junemann-Ramirez and colleagues’ article [1] on esophagogastric anastomotic leaks and their analysis of predictive factors, management and survival. We agree with the authors that esophagogastric anastomotic leaks are the most devastating of complications after esophageal resection and that they carry high morbidity and mortality rates. The choice of surgical procedure has...

The field of breast reconstruction has evolved rapidly since the advent of the first sili‐ cone gel-filled prosthesis by Cronin and Gerowin in 1963. [1] Over the past decades, we have seen remarkable advances in the field with microsurgical techniques becoming the gold standard for breast reconstruction. The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap has many advantages when compare...

BACKGROUND The traditional management of complex penetrating duodenal trauma (PDT) has been the use of elaborate temporizing and complex procedures such as the pyloric exclusion and duodenal diverticulization. We sought to determine whether a simplified surgical approach to the management of complex PDT injuries improves clinical outcome. METHODS A retrospective review of all consecutive PDT ...

INTRODUCTION Several studies have suggested that anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) without wound drainage has no impact on long-term follow-up. AIM To investigate a prospective patient series as measured by the patient-administered disease-specific questionnaire Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 101 consecutive patien...

background and objectives: virosomes are virus like particles (vlp) assembled in-vitro. influenza virosomes maintain the cell binding and membrane fusion activity of the wild type virus but are devoid of viral genetic material or internal proteins. influenza virosomes mimic the natural antigen presentation route of the influenza virus. materials and methods: virosomes were prepared by membrane ...

introduction: reconstruction of the oral cavity witha flap design containing the buccal mucosa and buccinator muscle but excluding the facial artery and vein is the topic of these case reports. case reports: this article uses random pattern vertically oriented partial thickness buccinator myomucosal flap for intraoral reconstruction in two cases. the first was for lining the mandibular anterior...

approximately 25% of all oral cavity carcinomas involve the lips, and the primary management of these lesions is complete surgical resection. loss of tissue in the lips after resection is treated with a variety of techniques, depending on the extension and location of the defect. here we review highly accepted techniques of lip reconstruction and some of new trials with significant clinical res...

due to the important role of subsurface drainage in managing the ground water level, there are many researches focused on finding a new and more economic way to develop subsurface drainage technologies. lack of proper drainage system in northern iran has caused huge implantation of rice and it is impossible to have second implantation in this region. one reason of insufficiency of current drain...