PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity has been shown to be associated with antibiotic underdosing and treatment failure. This article reviews the recent literature on antibiotic dosing in obese patients with pneumonia. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity is associated with several alterations in antibiotic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, including increases in the antibiotic volume of distribution and clearan...

Body weight/body surface area-based and/or tiered fixed dosing strategies are widely utilized for monoclonal antibodies with linear clearance to scale adult clinical doses to children. However, there is limited knowledge on whether or not body weight-based dosing strategies also yield comparable dose-concentration-response relationships in adults and children for monoclonal antibodies that exhi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and cost of once-daily dosing with gentamicin in women with postpartum endometritis. METHODS Gentamicin in a single daily dose of 4.5 mg/kg was administered intravenously to 10 women with postpartum endometritis. Peak and trough gentamicin levels were measured, and nephrotoxicity and clinical ototoxicity were monitored. Pharmacokinetic data were anal...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability of two preparations of vancomycin oral solution in two different storage containers, capped amber oral-dosing syringes and heat-sealed oral-dosing cups, stored under refrigerated conditions. Commercially available grape-flavored vancomycin oral preparation and compounded vancomycin for intravenous use in cherry syrup oral preparation were ...

BACKGROUND Glucose meter analytical performance criteria required for safe and effective management of patients on tight glycemic control (TGC) are not currently defined. We used simulation modeling to relate glucose meter performance characteristics to insulin dosing errors during TGC. METHODS We used 29,920 glucose values from patients on TGC at 1 institution to represent the expected distr...

Nighttime blood pressure strongly predicts cardiovascular events (CVEs). Further, a preliminary trial has shown decreased CVEs from evening vs morning dosing of antihypertensive therapy. Is there additional evidence for evening dosing? The authors systematically classified all hypertension trials as evening dosing trials (EDTs) or usual dosing trials (UDTs). Meta-analyses provided standardized ...

INTRODUCTION Identifying evidence-based dosing strategies is a key part of new drug development in pediatric populations. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies can provide important information regarding how best to dose medications in children and adolescents. Utilizing scientifically supported dosing strategies provides the best chance for any given drug to demonstrate both efficacy and acceptable tol...

OBJECTIVES This study compared 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-hour buprenorphine dosing regimens in opioid-dependent outpatients. METHODS Fourteen subjects received buprenorphine in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Daily sublingual maintenance doses were 4 mg/70 kg (n = 5) and 8 mg/70 kg (n = 9). After a stabilization period of maintenance administration, subjects received, in a ran...

PURPOSE Enzastaurin is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C beta. Prior phase I studies did not show increased drug exposures with escalating once daily administration. Limits from gastrointestinal absorption may be overcome by twice daily dosing, potentially improving antitumor effects. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We conducted a phase I dose escalation study in 26 patients with recurrent malign...