In the present study we have characterised the microbiological quality of the drinking water from different water sources in Gogogo and Nkonkobe areas in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Using both standard microbiological methods and the commercial API 20E assay kit, we have been able to identify 54 different species of micro-organisms, 77.5% of which proved to be human pathogens, 53.2...

www.jogh.org • journal of global health / December, 2011 • Vol. 1 No. 2 135 Water resources of a country constitute one of its vital assets. India receives an average of 4000 billion cubic meters of rainfall every year, confined to the monsoon season (June through September). Unfortunately, due to lack of storage and crumbling infrastructure, only 18% can be used (1). Apart from the water avail...

Any strategy of water demand management needs the collaboration of the population involved and so it is important to know how characteristics as residence area, number of residents, presence/absence of children/elders, income level, and educational level, among others, may influence the use of water. Empirical studies that quantify relationship between socio-demographic factors and the water en...

To determine whether unchlorinated bore water in northern Australia contained Burkholderia pseudomallei organisms, we sampled 55 bores; 18 (33%) were culture positive. Multilocus sequence typing identified 15 sequence types. The B. pseudomallei sequence type from 1 water sample matched a clinical isolate from a resident with melioidosis on the same property.

During the eight year period 1969-76, 214 patients with primary acute pancreatitis were admitted to Nottingham hospitals from the Nottingham defined population area (the City of Nottingham and the four adjacent urban districts, which had a population of 469,720 in 1971). There was considerable variation in both the incidence and distribution of the disease within the study area and the crude av...

A modified adsorption-elution method for the concentration of seeded rotavirus from water samples was used to determine various factors which affected the virus recovery. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the rotavirus antigen after concentration. Of the various eluents compared, 0.05M glycine, pH 11.5 gave the highest rotavirus antigen recovery using negatively charged me...

Water and wastewater treatment and conveyance account for approximately 4% of US electric consumption, with 80% used for conveyance. Net zero water (NZW) buildings would alleviate demands for a portion of this energy, for water, and for the treatment of drinking water for pesticides and toxic chemical releases in source water. However, domestic wastewater contains nitrogen loads much greater th...

In this paper, an economic study of solar heat pumps and an investigation of differences between solar heat pumps and conventional heat pumps—based on their performances and energy consumption—are conducted for a residential apartment located in Austin, Texas, USA. Heating in the apartment is provided via a solar heat pump during the cold months of a year. Solar collectors are used to meet the ...

The ability of domestic cooking gas to induce hepatotoxicity and clastogenicity in mice was studied. The mice were exposed to domestic gas for twenty-one days at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg respectively. The positive control group of mice were given sodium arsenite intraperitoneously at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight. While the negative control group had only distilled water, s...