There are large differences in sensitivity to the toxic and biochemical effects of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) among vertebrates. Previously, we demonstrated that the difference in sensitivity between domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) and common tern (Sterna hirundo) to aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 (AHR1)-dependent changes in gene expression following exposure to 2,3,7,8-t...

To evaluate the status of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) contamination in poultry and sequentially human exposure through consumption of poultry in an e-waste recycling site in South China, two kinds of free-range domestic birds, chicken and duck, were collected and their muscle and liver tissues were analyzed for 16 PBDE congeners. Chicken shows higher PBDE concentrations (summation of...

TO THE EDITOR—On 20 May 2013, the world’s first human-infected case of H6N1 bird flu was reported in Taiwan. A novel avian-origin influenza A(H6N1) virus was confirmed by the National Influenza Center, Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan, and the patient has already recovered. The H6 subtype influenza viruses were first identified in turkeys in 1965, and make up one of the most commonly recogni...

Analysis of selective sweeps to pinpoint causative genomic regions involved in chicken domestication has revealed a strong selective sweep on chromosome 4 in layer chickens. The autoregulatory α-adrenergic receptor 2C (ADRA2C) gene is the closest to the selective sweep and was proposed as an important gene in the domestication of layer chickens. The ADRA2C promoter region was also hypermethylat...

Background The domestic chicken is an attractive, but underutilized, animal model for studies of adipose tissue biology, metabolism and obesity: 1.) like humans, chickens rely on liver rather than adipose tissue for the majority of de novo lipogenesis; 2.) quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to fatness in chickens contain genes implicated in human susceptibility to obesity and diabetes; 3.) c...

The present report describes outbreaks of viral hemorrhagic disease in domestic rabbits. The provisional diagnosis was reached by feature of postmortem lesions and result of experimental inoculation of liver homogenate in adult and juvenile albino laboratory rabbits. The presence of etiologic agent in the homogenate from spontaneous and experimentally infected rabbits was demonstrated by agglut...

Bioactive peptides have been identified in a range of foods, including plant, milk and muscle, e.g., beef, chicken, pork and fish muscle proteins. Bioactive peptides from food proteins offer major potential for incorporation into functional foods and nutraceuticals. The aim of this paper is to present an outline of the bioactive peptides identified in the muscle protein of meat to date, with a ...

This paper elucidates the impacts of the September 2005 foot and mouth disease outbreak on the Brazilian meat market for different levels of the industry (export, wholesale, and farm). The associated import ban by Russia on Brazilian meat exports is also analyzed. Results suggest that the increase in domestic supply due to the import ban generated downward pressure on prices at all levels for p...

Since a bird’s metabolic rates are finely tuned to their environments, research on avian systems plays an important role in investigation of ecology. Here, for the first time, we have developed a miniature needle-type enzyme sensor system suitable for continuous real-time amperometric in-vivo monitoring of uric acid levels in birds. In addition to extensive characterization of the sensor system...

Avian TB is a contagious, chronic disease which affects a wide range of birds and mammals. All avian species are susceptible to infection to some degree, however the domestic chicken and sparrows are considered to be extremely susceptible. Despite having a worldwide distribution, Avian Tuberculosis amongst commercial poultry farmers has declined considerably over the years due to advances in bi...