BACKGROUND Little information is available on the incidence of renal stones with ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) use. METHODS In a single-center study, the incidence of renal stones was compared between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who commenced ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r)-containing antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (the ATV/r group) and those who were receiv...

The purpose of this work was to investigate the performance of currently available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting kidney stones, compared to computed tomography (CT) results, and to determine the characteristics of successfully detected stones. Patients who had undergone both abdominal/pelvic CT and MRI exams within 30 days were studied. The images were reviewed by two expert ra...

OBJECTIVE Report the relationship of composition with age and sex of the patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD A series of 426 urinary stones, 33 from the lower (LUT) and 393 from the upper urinary tract (UUT) of adults, were analyzed for their chemical composition using infrared spectroscopy. The majority of LUT stones were from males (n = 26) and in the age group beyond 60 years (n = 20). RESULTS...

BACKGROUND Nucleation from supersaturated bile of calcium salts of cholesterol and bilirubinate is essential in the formation of gallstone. Nucleation requires gallbladder mucin and its main component, glycoprotein, may contribute to gallstone formation by providing a nidus or matrix for precipitation of lipid components. However, biliary protein patterns of patients with gallstones have not be...

BACKGROUND In Japan, the incidence of kidney stones has increased markedly in recent decades. Major causes of kidney stones remain unclear, and limited data are available on the relationship between overweight/obesity and the incidence of kidney stones. We therefore evaluated body mass index (BMI) and the incidence of kidney stones in Japanese men. METHODS Of the workers at a gas company, 598...

Options for managing the common bile duct during laparoscopic cholecystectomy include routine peroperative cholangiography and selected preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The use of these methods was reviewed in 350 patients with symptomatic gall stones referred for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Unit A (n = 114) performed routine cystic duct cholangiography but ...

INTRODUCTION Stone characterization is becoming important before decision of treatment such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Some studies have reported that the twinkling artifact (color-flow ultrasonography artifact) may be useful to detect urinary stones. This study aims to determine whether the presence or absence of the twinkling artif...

BACKGROUND The formation of urinary tract stones following renal transplantation is a rare complication. The clinical features of stones after transplantation differ from those of non-transplant patients. Renal colic or pain is usually absent and rarely resembles acute rejection. METHODS We retrospectively studied 849 consecutive kidney transplant patients in The Rogosin Institute/The Weill-C...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of laser lithotripsy (LL) and pneumatic lithotripters (PL) in calcium oxalate (CaOx) and calcium phosphate (CaP) stones and assess whether these stone compositions affect the outcomes of LL and PL. STUDY DESIGN Comparative, descriptive study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, from August 2010 to August 2015. ...

Background To compare head to head two end-engaging nitinol stone retrieval devices available to urologists, in terms of durability, versatility and efficacy. Methods For durability testing, 30 NGage and Dakota baskets were cycled 20 times between grasping and releasing synthetic stone models and evaluated for damage or device failure. For versatility and efficacy testing, baskets were assess...