Abstract There are three classical divergence measures exist in the literature on information theory and statistics. These are namely, Jeffryes-Kullback-Leiber J-divergence. Burbea-Rao [1] Jensen-Shannon divegernce and Taneja [8] arithmetic-geometric mean divergence. These three measures bear an interesting relationship among each other and are based on logarithmic expressions. The divergence m...

Divergence is a key aspect of translation between two languages. Divergence occurs when structurally similar sentences of the source language do not translate into sentences that are similar in structures in the target language. Divergence assumes special significance in the domain of Example-Based Machine Translation (EBMT). An EBMT system generates translation of a given sentence by retrievin...

Many applications require the use of divergence measures between probability distributions. Several of these, such as the Kullback Leibler (KL) divergence and the Bhattacharyya divergence, are tractable for single Gaussians, but intractable for complex distributions such as Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) used in speech recognizers. For tasks related to classification error, the Bhattacharyya di...

Previous studies on the speed and latency of convergence and divergence eye movements have produced varied, sometimes contradictory, results. Four subjects were studied and tracked 4 degrees disparity step changes for convergence and divergence at different initial target positions. Here we report that the dynamics of divergence movements not only differ from convergence movement, but depend on...

An approach to develop new measures of fuzzy directed divergence is proposed here. A new measure of fuzzy directed divergence is proposed, and some mathematical properties of this measure are proved. The application of fuzzy directed divergence in image segmentation is explained. The proposed technique minimizes the fuzzy divergence or the separation between the actual and ideal thresholded image.

In stream organisms, the landscape affecting intraspecific genetic and phenotypic divergence is comprised of two fundamental components: the stream network and terrestrial matrix. These components are known to differentially influence genetic structure in stream species, but to our knowledge, no study has compared their effects on genetic and phenotypic divergence. We examined how the stream ne...

We study and compare two notions of non-termination on idempotent semirings: infinite iteration and divergence. We determine them in various models and develop conditions for their coincidence. It turns out that divergence yields a simple and natural way of modelling infinite behaviour, whereas infinite iteration shows some anomalies.

Android applications are widely used by millions of users to perform many activities. Unfortunately, legitimate and popular applications are targeted by malware authors and they repackage the existing applications by injecting additional code intended to perform malicious activities without the knowledge of end users. Thus, it is important to validate applications for possible repackaging befor...