We give an affirmative answer to Brendle’s and Hrušák’s question of whether the club principle together with h > א1 is consistent. We work with a class of axiom A forcings with countable conditions such that q ≥n p is determined by finitely many elements in the conditions p and q and that all strengthenings of a condition are subsets, and replace many names by actual sets. There are two types o...

We develop a counterpart to Garside’s analysis of the braid monoid B n relevant for the monoid MLD that describes the geometry of the left self-distributivity identity. The monoid MLD extends B ∞, of which it shares many properties, with the exception that it is not a direct limit of finitely generated monoids. By introducing a convenient local version of the fundamental elements ∆, we prove th...

This paper discovers the phenomenon that in Mandarin Chinese when plurals are under focus of zhiyou ‘only’ or lian ‘even’, a distributive reading is derived by default. It is argued that this type of distributivity is not syntax marked, but is discourse-oriented, which shows linguistic effects of economic structuring sets of focus-introduced alternatives (Rooth, 1985, 1992). The proposal succes...

In this paper, we give several new lattice identities valid in nonmodular lattices such that a uniquely complemented lattice satisfying any of these identities is necessarily Boolean. Since some of these identities are consequences of modularity as well, these results generalize the classical result of Birkhoff and von Neumann that every uniquely complemented modular lattice is Boolean. In part...