INTRODUCTION Emissions from power station stacks and many other anthropogenic sources have substantial vertical velocities and are often hot compared with the surrounding ambient air. These momentum and buoyancy effects cause the emitted plume to rise, increasing the effective source height and, in the main, reducing maximum ground level concentrations. It follows that an accurate prediction of...

Dome A is the highest point on the Antarctic Plateau, and the Chinese Expedition Team first arrived here in 2005 January. It is an excellent site for astronomical observations. The first-generation Chinese Antarctic optical telescope CSTAR has been operating on Dome A since 2008 January. The second-generation Chinese telescopes known as the Three Antarctic Survey Telescopes (AST3) are currently...

Land-use regression (LUR) models are increasingly used to estimate exposure to air pollution in urban areas. An appropriate monitoring network is an important component in the development of a robust LUR model. In this study concentrations of NO2 were simulated by a dispersion model at ‘virtual’ monitoring sites in 54 network designs of varying numbers and types of site, using a 25 km2 area in ...

The starting point for this paper is the variational preference model introduced by Maccheroni et al [2006]), which includes Gilboa-Schmeidler multiple-prior preferences and Hansen-Sargent multiplier preferences. First, we show that any variational preferences admit a `primal' representation with a natural interpretation: a `mean' expected-utility of the act minus a `dispersion measure' that de...

The inter-comparison of regional air quality models is an effective way to understand uncertainty in ambient pollutant concentrations simulated using various model configurations, as well as to find ways to improve model performance. Based on the outcomes and experiences of Japanese projects thus far, a new model inter-comparison project called Japan’s study for reference air quality modeling (...

We present a novel two-stage methodology for locating a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear (CBRN) source in an urban area using a network of sensors. In contrast to earlier work, our approach does not solve an inverse dispersion problem but relies on data obtained from a simulation of the CBRN dispersion to obtain probabilistic descriptors of sensor measurements under a variety of C...

Exposure to radon progenies is one of the most important sources of dose from ionizing radiation. This is especially valid in regions of the world where people spend much time indoors, because radon (here we restrict to 222Rn and its progenies and put Rn for brevity) tends to accumulate indoors compared to the outdoor atmospheric environment. This importance has led to an immense wealth of stud...

This report presents the results of studies on emissions dispersion from an aircraft engine during the take-off phase. Two types of wind configuration were applied to a single and a double jet engine. Results highlight the influence of different parameters on the plume dispersion pattern, and confirm that CFD is an appropriate tool for source dynamics simulations. ALAQS Comparison of CFD and La...

Meeting customer demands for higher quality is a major business focus in the development of steel products. The quality of steel can be increased in many ways, for example, by improving its toughness or its resistance to atmospheric corrosion or by making thinner sections without sacrificing strength. As the largest steel supplier in the world, Nippon Steel Corporation (NSC) receives many kinds...

[1] During the summer 1998, a strong pollution event was documented over Paris as part of the Etude et Simulation de la Qualité de l’air en Ile-de-France (ESQUIF) project (second intensive observation period (IOP2)). From 7 to 9 August 1998 the pollution event changes from a well-marked ozone plume issued from Paris to a more general pollution over the whole Ile-de-France region. Using a three-...