Oxidative stress is a key contributor to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Bioactive dietary elements including phytochemicals, and in particular, carotenoids display antioxidant effect and substantially reduce markers of oxidative stress. Carotenoids have been shown to prevent several chronic disorders including cardiovascular diseases by reducing the inflammatory responses. Here, we...

This course covers the major chronic diseases and their risk factors. The importance of this subject cannot be overstated since it is the major factor driving health care costs. The U.S. now spends more money per capita than any other nation yet is behind in longevity. Chronic diseases are the major factors driving these costs. The more epidemiologists understand about these diseases, the bette...

OBJECTIVES To examine patterns of disease and injury in people living on boats in Hue City, Vietnam, and their relations to socioeconomic conditions, sanitary practices, disease prevention proficiency, and people's preference to continued living on boats. METHODS The subjects were 3737 people aged 5 years and over living on boats in Hue City, Vietnam. Diseases and injuries were diagnosed acco...

A well-controlled growth environment with plants that are not unduly stressed is essential for Arabidopsis molecular biology research. Even if they do not kill the plants outright, insect pests and microbial pathogens can cause subtle changes in gene expression or plant metabolism that affect experimental results. Therefore, regular scouting for infestations, frequent cleaning of plant growth a...

Crucial advances in our understanding of basic pathogenic mechanisms involved in atherogenesis have been achieved during the past 2 decades. The historical hypothesis of pathogenesis (“lipid accumulation”) has evolved to integrate several causal events contributing to the initiation and evolution of atherosclerosis. Vascular inflammation and apoptosis may play a joint pivotal role in its progre...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Polyphenols are the most abundant dietary antioxidants and research on their role in the prevention of degenerative diseases has developed quickly over these last few years. This paper reviews the recent studies on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases by polyphenols, focusing on human studies. RECENT FINDINGS A large number of recent intervention studies have shown that...

The onset of non-communicable disease has been attributed in large part to environmental exposure to toxic chemicals, including persistent organic pollutants, volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds and transition metals. This review summarizes recent research into the causes and mechanisms of environmental disease onset and examines the role of oxidative stress as well as steps that can b...

Infectious diseases occur very frequently in children and adults. Novel diagnostic methods have permitted us to expand our knowledge on their epidemiology and pathophysiology [1].[...].