In the classical data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, inputs and outputs are assumed as known variables, and these models cannot deal with unknown amounts of variables directly. In recent years, there are few researches on handling missing data. This paper suggests a new interval based approach to apply missing data, which is the modified version of Kousmanen (2009) approach. First, the prop...

data envelopment analysis (dea) is a branch of management, concerned with evaluating the performances of homogeneous decision making units (dmus). the performances of dmus are affected by the amount of sources that dmus used. usually increases in inputs cause increases in outputs. however, there are situations where increase in one or more inputs generate a reduction in one or more outputs. in ...

In the process of production, some of the inputs are fixed and cannot easily be changed, such as work hours of workers and hours of administrative or work, these types of inputs are fixed and others are variables. In this paper, by considering some inputs or outputs which are limited, their amounts must be integrated; this concept for integer data is extended. We show the importance of subject ...

In our opinion, the simplest and, simultaneously, the most general version of inflationary cosmology is the chaotic inflation scenario. It can be realized in all models were the other versions of inflationary theory can be realized (see [4] for detailed account). Several years ago it was realized that inflation in these theories has a very interesting property which will be discussed in this ta...