The study of urban spatial interaction is closely linked to that of economic geography, urban planning, regional development, and so on. Currently, this topic is generating a great deal of interest among researchers who are striving to find accurate ways to measure urban spatial interaction. Classical spatial interaction models lack theoretical guidance and require complicated parameter-adjusti...

Recent advances in nonlinear fiber optics and compact pulsed lasers have resulted in creation of broadband directional light sources. These supercontinuum laser sources produce directional broadband light using cascaded nonlinear optical interactions in an optical fibre framework. This system is used to simultaneously measure distance and reflectance to demonstrate a technique capable of distin...

A highly sensitive refractive index sensor based on grating-assisted strip waveguide directional coupler is proposed. The sensor is designed using two coupled asymmetric strip waveguides with a top-loaded grating structure in one of the waveguides. Maximum light couples from one waveguide to the other at the resonance wavelength, and the change in resonance wavelength with the change in refract...

The aim of this study is to develop a time-frequency method and test its applicability to investigating directional cortical connectivity in the newborn brain considering the effect of volume conduction. We modified time-varying partial directed coherence (tv-PDC) based on orthogonalization of the MVAR model coefficients to deal with the effect of mutual independent sources. The novel measure w...

Processing of color image data using directional information has received increased attention lately due to the introduction of the vector median and vector directional filters. These ranked-order type filters utilize the magnitude and the direction of color vectors to enhance, restore and segment color images. Their only tunable parameters are the size and shape of the sliding window, and the ...

During the last 15 years, about 2000 strains of 200 species of 98 genera of fungi have been isolated from around the Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station. Many of these microfungi are capable of growing into and decomposing 'hot particles'; carbon based radioactive graphite from the reactor and there are suggestions that some fungi actively direct their growth toward sources of radioactivity, possib...

OBJECTIVE Inability to understand speech in noise has been cited repeatedly as the principal complaint of hearing aid users. While data exist documenting the benefit provided by hearing aids with directional microphones when listening to speech in noise, little work has been done to develop a standard clinical protocol for fitting these hearing aids. Our goal was to evaluate a clinical measure ...

This paper addresses the task of change detection from noisy multivariate time-series data. One major feature of our approach is to leverage directional statistics as the noise-robust signature of time-series data. To capture major patterns, we introduce a regularized maximum likelihood equation for the von Mises-Fisher distribution, which simultaneously learns directional statistics and sample...

This paper introduces a new and effective approach for visualizing complex magnetic fields. The paper defines a local approach for measuring the degree of local directional change of magnetic field vectors and uses this measure to generate volume visualizations that emphasize areas with highest values of locally integrated directional change of a vector field. The presented method was motivated...

We propose a novel statistical measure for robust event detection, called ’Radial Reach filter’ (RRF). The capability of detecting new objects (events) from a time-series image is an important problem of vision systems. The usual method of detecting new objects is simple background subtraction that is to subtract current image from a background image. However, simple background subtraction is s...