A method of sieves using splines is proposed for regularizing maximum-likelihood estimates of power spectra. This method has several important properties, including the flexibility to be used at multiple resolution levels. The resolution level is defined in terms of the support of the polynomial B-splines used. Using a discrepancy measure derived from the Kullback-Leibler divergence of paramete...

turbocharging an engine boosts its power by increasing the amount of input air. this task is accomplished by using the exhaust gas to power a turbine which is engaged with a compressor. the variable geometry turbocharger, vgt is a unique turbocharger that the diffuser vane angle can be changed over a wide range of positions. the mathematics of turbomachinery flow analysis is intensive and uses ...

MODIS Protoflight Model, launched on-board the NASA EOS Terra spacecraft on December 18, 1999, has been in operation for more than two years, providing the science community calibrated data sets for the global studies of the land, oceans, and atmosphere. MODIS has 36 spectral bands, covering the spectral range from 412 to 14200 nm, and provides spatial resolutions of 0.25 km (2 bands), 0.5 km (...

This paper presents a novel Phase Measuring Deflectometry (PMD) method to measure specular objects having discontinuous surfaces. A mathematical model is established to directly relate the absolute phase and depth, instead of the phase and gradient. Based on the model, a hardware measuring system has been set up, which consists of a precise translating stage, a projector, a diffuser and a camer...

665 In order to maintain a comfortable office environment periodical inspection of the air conditioning equipment is very important. It is necessary to measure the air temperature and the volume of the controlled outlet air correctly from the ceiling air diffuser. The periodical inspection of a large number of ceiling air diffusers must be done efficiently and in a short time. Up to now this ha...

We present an optical scheme to actively suppress statistical noise in Laser Speckle Imaging (LSI). This is achieved by illuminating the object surface through a diffuser. Slow rotation of the diffuser leads to statistically independent surface speckles on time scales that can be selected by the rotation speed. Active suppression of statistical noise is achieved by accumulating data over time. ...

The Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs) have been widely studied, since the diffusers improve the power coefficient of the wind turbine, particularly of small systems. The diffuser is a device which has the function of causing an increase on the flow velocity through the wind rotor plane due to pressure drop downstream, therefore resulting in an increase of the rotor power coefficient. Thi...

This paper reports the design of a novel aspheric microlens array (AMA) with high fill factor for direct light emitting diode (LED) backlight system. The AMA mold for patterning transformation was fabricated using the processes of glass wet etching, electroplating, photoresist spin coating and heating encapsulated air. Different from the fabrication results by well-known techniques, the propose...

We proposed a design for a LASER pico-projector with a low speckle contrast value and high contrast ratio that maintains system efficiency. The method for speckle contrast reduction utilizes two diffusers and a Voice Coil Motor (VCM) oscillator. The two different diffusers for a high contrast ratio and high system efficiency can be divided into two categories. In Category 1, the speckle contras...

A lighting cavity is a reflecting box with light sources inside. Its exit side is covered with a diffuser plate to mix and distribute light, which addresses a key issue of luminaires, display backlights, and other illumination systems. We derive a simple but precise formula for the optical efficiency of diffuser plates attached to a light cavity. We overcome the complexity of the scattering the...