Glucosamine has been selected as a cheap and readily available chiral scaffold for the synthesis of a series of novel enantiomerically pure bifunctional organocatalysts bearing a tertiary amino group in proximity to a (thio)urea group. The catalytic behaviour of these compounds, both as neutral and N-protonated species, was investigated using the addition of acetylacetone to β-nitrostyrene as a...

The excretion and tissue distribution of [1-14C]dichloroacetonitrile and [2-14C]dichloroacetonitrile were studied in male Fischer 344 rats and male B6C3F1 mice. Three dose levels of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) (0.2, 2, or 15 mg/kg) were administered to rats and two dose levels of DCAN (2 or 15 mg/kg) to mice. Daily excreta including exhaled volatiles and radiolabeled carbon dioxide (14CO2) were...

Naturally occurring phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and its synthetic homolog 6-phenylhexyl isothiocyanate (PHITC) are both effective inhibitors of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced lung tumor development in A/J mice and F344 rats. To help explain why PHITC is considerably more efficacious than PEITC in chemopreventive potency, comparative disposition and pharmacokinetics ...

l-Proline was immobilized onto mesoporous silica through direct synthesis method via morphosynthesis possessing short channels and plugs in the pore structure which provided chiral enhancement in the diethyl malonate addition reaction.

The cycloalkylation of diethyl malonate and ethyl cyanoacetate with alkyl dihalide was investigated by using comminuted potassium carbonate as a base and toluene as a solvent in the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTMAB) as a phase-transfer catalyst, which provided a conventional procedure with the advantage of short reaction period and high product yield. The factors influencin...

The concept of aquifer basins as palaeoclimate archives has existed for some decades, yet few detailed studies comparing types have been carried out. To assess the potential a particular an archive, its hydrogeochemical characteristics must be thoroughly investigated, ideally in comparison to adjacent which can shown substantially preserve ice-age endowment at depth. London Basin (UK) presents ...

An enhanced susceptibility to infections is well known to occur in a poorly controlled diabetic state. Since glucose and glutamine are essential for lymphocyte function, we investigated whether their metabolism is changed in lymphocytes obtained from mesenteric lymph nodes of alloxan-induced diabetic rats (40 mg/kg body weight). The activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, glucose-6-phosp...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(11)H(14)N(2)O(4), contains one half-mol-ecule; a twofold rotation axis passes through the central C atom. Inter-molecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a one-dimensional supra-molecular structure.