An updated assessment of "ne particle emissions from lightand heavy-duty vehicles is needed due to recent changes to the composition of gasoline and diesel fuel, more stringent emission standards applying to new vehicles sold in the 1990s, and the adoption of a new ambient air quality standard for "ne particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in the United States. This paper reports the measurement of emiss...

Biodiesel, an alkyl ester of plant oils that can be used in an unmodified diesel engine, is the first renewable diesel fuel alternative to become a commercially accepted part of our nation’s energy infrastructure. For traditional diesel fuel exhaust, it has been demonstrated that the particulate matter (PM) organic components play a role in acute inflammatory reactions. However, there have been...

Diesel exhaust inhalation impairs vascular function, and, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear, endothelin (ET) 1 and NO are potential mediators. The aim of this study was to identify whether diesel exhaust inhalation affects the vascular actions of ET-1 in humans. In a randomized, double-blind crossover study, 13 healthy male volunteers were exposed to either filtered air or dilut...

Diesel engines have been a mainstay within many industries since the early 1900s. Exposure to diesel particulate matter (DPM) is a major issue in many industrial workplaces given the potential for serious health impacts to exposed workers; including the potential for lung cancer and adverse irritant and cardiovascular effects. Personal respiratory protective devices are an accepted safety measu...

A recent review concluded that the evidence from epidemiology studies was indeterminate and that additional studies were required to support the diesel exhaust-lung cancer hypothesis. This updated review includes seven recent studies. Two population-based studies concluded that significant exposure-response (E-R) trends between cumulative diesel exhaust and lung cancer were unlikely to be entir...

Diesel exhaust inhalation impairs vascular function, and, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear, endothelin (ET) 1 and NO are potential mediators. The aim of this study was to identify whether diesel exhaust inhalation affects the vascular actions of ET-1 in humans. In a randomized, double-blind crossover study, 13 healthy male volunteers were exposed to either filtered air or dilut...

An optimal control ready model of a diesel-electric powertrain is developed, validated and provided to the research community. The aim of the model is to facilitate studies of the transient control of diesel-electric powertrains and also to provide a model for developers of optimization tools. The resulting model is a four state three control mean value engine model that captures the significan...

Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Hoffmann is in charge of Team Management for the Advanced Diesel Combustion Development Group at the Hyundai Motor Europe Technical Center GmbH in Rüsselsheim (Germany). Dipl.-Ing. Michael Schrott is Senior Engineer in charge of Development Projects for Diesel Engine Combustion at the Hyundai Motor Europe Technical Center GmbH in Rüsselsheim (Germany). Dipl.-Ing. Thorsten Hube...