Despite its central role in sex determination, genetic analysis of the Y chromosome has been slow. This poor progress has been due to the paucity of available genetic markers. Whereas the X chromosome is known to include at least 100 functional genetic loci, only three or four loci have been ascribed to the Y chromosome and even the existence of several of these loci is controversial. Other fac...

Denaturing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (DHPLC) is a recently developed technique forthe detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and mutations. It involves the comparisonbetween two or more DNAs as a mixture of denatured and reannealed PCR products. The methodologyis based on the principle of reversed phase liquid chromatography and uses a unique DNA sepa...

Background The androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a polymorphic trinucleotide repeat that encodes a polyglutamine tract in its N-terminal transactivation domain (NTAD). We aimed to find a correlation between the length of this polymorphic tract and azoospermia or oligozoospermia in infertile men living in Khuzestan, Iran. MaterialsAndMethods In this case-control study during two years till 20...

chromosomal defects are relatively frequent in infertile men however, translocations between the y chromosome and autosomes are rare and less than 40 cases of y-autosome translocation have been reported. in particular, only three individuals has been described with a y;21 translocation, up to now. we report on an additional case of an infertile man in whom a y;21 translocation was associated wi...

Endogenious opiod met-enkephalin throughout previous research manifested cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Previous research suggests that met-enkephalin has cytogenetic effects. Reducement in the frequency of structural chromosome aberrations as well as a suppressive effect on lymphocyte cell cycle is found. It also reduces apoptosis in the blood samples of the patients with immune...

background: in human, about 25% of implanted embryos are losing 1-2 week following attachment to the uterus. a subset of this population will have three or more consecutive miscarriages which define as repeated pregnancy loss (rpl). introducing the assisted reproductive technologies (arts) made a chance for infertile couples to solve their childless problem. objective:  this study was conducted...

BACKGROUND Chronic Myeloid Leukemia's (CML) treatment was optimized since the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and an increased overall survival during TKI was noticed. During the TKI era, protocols for assessing response and resistance to treatment were developed. Additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs) are strongly associated with disease progression but their prognostic im...

background: some evidences showed that the secretion of uterine tube vagina and follicular fluid (ff) affects x and y-chromosome populations. sperm selection with x or y chromosome can added to oocyte for gender desired. the isolation of x y sperm have done and all efforts in this field are done to make culture media similar to in vivo condition. the objective of this study was to find if the f...

Chromosome aberrations were studied in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 43 persons who were exposed to low-level radiation of mixed neutrons and gamma-rays resulting from the JCO criticality accident. When the age-adjusted frequencies of dicentric and ring chromosomes were compared with the dose calibration curve established in vitro for 60Co gamma-rays as a reference radiation, a significant co...

In order to evaluate the applicability of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in routine mutagenicity testing we investigated with this method different chemicals having different mechanisms of action: non-mutagens, direct-acting basealtering mutagens, direct-acting cross-linking mutagens, clastogens including a radiomimeti...