Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) can promote the regeneration of injured organs, including HGF gene therapy by electroporation (EP) for liver injury. In this study, we investigated the effect of HGF on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and tried to clarify the regenerative mechanisms of colonic epithelial cells and the signaling pathway involved. Colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium...

Background: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is caused by defects in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex subunits (gp91 (a.k.a. Nox2), p47, p67, p22, p40) leading to reduced phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen species production. Almost half of patients with CGD develop inflammatory bowel disease, and the involvement of the intestinal microbiome in relation to ...

Chronic inflammation increases cancer risk. While it is clear that cell signaling elicited by inflammatory cytokines promotes tumor development, the impact of DNA damage production resulting from inflammation-associated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) on tumor development has not been directly tested. RONS induce DNA damage that can be recognized by alkyladenine DNA glycosylase (Aag...

Inflammatory bowel diseases are a critical public health issue, and as treatment options remain limited, there is a need to unravel the underlying pathomechanisms in order to identify new therapeutic targets. Complement activation was found in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease, and the complement anaphylatoxin C5a and its receptor C5aR have been implicated in disease pathogenes...

AIM To induce acute colitis progresses to chronicity in C57BL/6 mice by dextran sulfate sodium. BACKGROUND Murine models are essential tools to understand IBD pathogenesis. Among different types of chemically induced colitis models, the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model is the most common model of IBD, due to its simplicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice 6-8 weeks ...

We investigated the preventive effect of Streptococcus thermophilus YIT 2001, a lactic acid bacterum having high antioxidative activity, on acute colitis induced by 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium in mice, and compared the effect with that of S. thermophilus YIT 2084 which has lower antioxidative activity. Feeding S. thermophilus YIT 2001 decreased the disease activity index and level of lipid pero...

The Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger NHE8 is expressed on the apical membrane of intestinal epithelial cells and is particularly abundant in the colon. Our previous study showed that Muc2 expression was significantly reduced in NHE8-knockout (NHE8-/-) mice, suggesting that NHE8 plays a role in mucosal protection in the colon. The current study confirms and extends our studies on the role of NHE8 in mucosal pro...

The flavone 4',5,7-trihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxyflavone (tricin) present in rice, oats, barley, and wheat exhibits antigrowth activity in several human cancer cell lines and anti-inflammatory potential. However, the chemopreventive activity has not yet been elucidated in preclinical animal models of colorectal cancer. This study was designed to determine whether dietary tricin exerts inflammation-...

Impaired expression of alpha-defensin antimicrobial peptides and overproduction of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1beta have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we examine the interactions between alpha-defensins and IL-1beta and the role of defensin deficiency in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. It was found that matrix metalloproteinase-7-deficient ...

HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) efflux function may be a more robust biomarker of coronary artery disease risk than HDL-C. To study HDL function, apoB-containing lipoproteins are precipitated from serum. Whether apoB precipitation affects HDL subspecies composition and function has not been thoroughly investigated. We studied the effects of four common apoB precipitation methods [polyethylene glycol (P...