For an organism to perceive coherent and unified objects, its visual system must bind color and shape features into integrated color-shape representations in memory. However, the origins of this ability have not yet been established. To examine whether newborns can build an integrated representation of the first object they see, I raised newly hatched chicks (Gallus gallus) in controlled-rearin...

The present research aimed to determine the freshness of brown eggs using non-destructive ultraviolet-visible (UV/VIS) transmission spectroscopy (λ = 350-1020 nm) and viscosity measurement during storage for 7 days. As per human visual perception, eggshell color varied from light yellow-brown dark red-brown, distributed near edge spectral locus orange a red region in CIE 1931 chromaticity diagr...

Coat-color proportions and patterns in mice are used as assays for many processes such as transgene expression, chimerism, and epigenetics. In many studies, coat-color readouts are estimated from subjective scoring of individual mice. Here we show a method by which mouse coat color is quantified as the proportion of coat shown in one or more digital images. We use the yellow-agouti mouse model ...

Determinations of minimum light thresholds as a function of time in the dark have been made for four color normal, three deuteranopic (or deuteranomalous), and four protanopic (or protanomalous) subjects. Measurements were made with red, reddish orange, yellow, green, violet, and white test lights. Dark adaptation curves for the deuteranopes and deuteranomalous are essentially identical with th...

Toxic Heliconius butterflies have yellow hindwing bars that - unlike those of their closest relatives - reflect ultraviolet (UV) and long wavelength light, and also fluoresce. The pigment in the yellow scales is 3-hydroxy-dl-kynurenine (3-OHK), which is found in the hair and scales of a variety of animals. In other butterflies like pierids with color schemes characterized by independent sources...

Reconstruction the spectral data of color samples using conventional color devices such as a digital camera or scanner is always of interest. Nowadays, multispectral imaging has introduced a feasible method to estimate the spectral reflectance of the images utilizing more than three-channel imaging. The goal of this study is to spectrally characterize a color scanner using a set of conventional...

Leaf-color is an effective marker to identify the hybridization of rice. Leaf-color related genes function in chloroplast development and the photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis of higher plants. The ygl7 (yellow-green leaf 7) is a mutant with spontaneous yellow-green leaf phenotype across the whole lifespan but with no change to its yield traits. We cloned gene Ygl7 (Os03g59640) which encodes ...