Cells of the dendritic lineage are thought to be among the first cells infected after mucosal exposure to HIV. In this study, we have identified the presence of multiple chemokine receptors on dendritic cells (DC) that may function as coreceptors for HIV entry. DC effectively used CCR5 for entry of macrophage (M)-tropic isolates. CCR3, the eotaxin receptor, initially identified on eosinophils, ...

A novel dendritic-like cell subset termed L-DC was recently identified in murine spleen based on marker expression of a homogeneous cell population derived from long-term culture of neonatal spleen. The function of L-DC is distinct from other splenic dendritic and myeloid cell subsets because of their high endocytic capacity and their ability to cross-present antigen to CD8(+) T cells. This pap...

Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is an important pattern recognition receptor on dendritic cells (DCs), and its expression shows significant cytological and histological specificity, being interleukine-4 (IL-4) dependent. The signaling pathways through which IL-4 regulates expression of DC-SIGN are still unclear. We used phorbol 12-myrista...

At mucosal surfaces, immature resident Dendritic Cells, Langerhans Cells and their subsets are the first cell types to encounter HIV-1 virus. During early stages of infection, dendritic cells sense virus through innate immune mechanisms inducing maturation activating adaptive responses. subverts system by hijacking cells, impairing cellular function promote survival propagation trans-infection ...

Contact between dendritic cells (DC) and resting T cells is essential to initiate a primary immune response. Here, we demonstrate that ICAM-3 expressed by resting T cells is important in this first contact with DC. We discovered that instead of the common ICAM-3 receptors LFA-1 and alphaDbeta2, a novel DC-specific C-type lectin, DC-SIGN, binds ICAM-3 with high affinity. DC-SIGN, which is abunda...

Interactions between B lymphocytes and Ag-bearing dendritic cells (DC) likely occur at inflammatory sites and within lymphoid organs. To better understand these interactions we imaged B cells (TgB) from hen egg lysozyme (HEL) transgenic mice and DC pulsed with HEL (DC-HEL) in collagen matrices. Analysis of live-cell dynamics revealed autonomous movements and repeated encounters between TgB cell...

Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipases (PI-PLCs) are virulence factors produced by many pathogenic bacteria, including Bacillus anthracis and Listeria monocytogenes. Bacillus PI-PLC differs from Listeria PI-PLC in that it has strong activity for cleaving GPI-anchored proteins. Treatment of murine DCs with Bacillus, but not Listeria, PI-PLC inhibited dendritic cell (DC) activation by TLR l...

Antitumor effect of PolyI:C (a viral dsRNA analog) has been attributed to dendritic cell (DC)-maturation activity, that drives antitumor NK cells, DC cross-presentation, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and many IFN-inducible genes. According to a recent paper, tumor-infiltrating M2 macrophages are found to become an additional antitumor effector through polyI:C response.

The standard isolation procedure for antigen presenting dendritic cells (DC) takes 2 days and includes selective adherence to tissue culture plates which may lead to the activation of these cells. This report describes the isolation of DC by centrifugal elutriation (CE). Murine spleen cells were separated on the basis of size and density into 7 CE fractions. This method took 90 min. Cells from ...

Most dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines have loaded the DC with defined antigens, but loading with autologos tumor-derived antigens would generate DCs that activate personalized tumor-specific T-cell responses. We hypothesized that DC matured with an optimized combination of reagents and loaded with tumor-derived antigens using a clinically feasible electroporation strategy would induce potent ...