We study the oxygen doping dependence of the equilibrium first-order melting and second-order glass transitions of vortices in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O 8+delta. Doping affects both anisotropy and disorder. Anisotropy scaling is shown to collapse the melting lines only where thermal fluctuations are dominant. Yet, in the region where disorder breaks that scaling, the glass lines are still collapsed. A quant...

Black phosphorus exhibits a high degree of band anisotropy. However, we find that its in-plane static screening remains relatively isotropic for momenta relevant to elastic long-range scattering processes. On the other hand, the collective electronic excitations in the system exhibit a strong anisotropy. Band nonparabolicity, due to interband couplings, leads to a plasmon frequency which scales...

Rock anisotropy plays an important role in engineering behavior of rocks. Slates are anisotropic rocks which have long been used for gable roof, floor tiles, borrow materials, and other purposes. The slates studied in this research are calcareous and have a porphyro-lepidoblastic texture. To determine the role of the anisotropy on the tensile strength and fracture pattern, two variables includi...

We tested the hypothesis that the degree of anisotropic expansion of plant tissues is controlled by the degree of alignment of cortical microtubules or cellulose microfibrils. Previously, for the primary root of maize (Zea mays L.), we quantified spatial profiles of expansion rate in length, radius, and circumference and the degree of growth anisotropy separately for the stele and cortex, as ro...

an analytical solution is presented for displacements and stresses of a three dimensional linear hyperelastic transversely isotropic layer bonded on the top of a transversely isotropic half-space subjected to an arbitrary, time-harmonic surface tangential force. the equations of equilibrium in terms of displacements are uncoupled by using a set of two potential functions introduced by eskandari...

We argue that energy minimization can explain the pattern of cell movements in the morphogenetic process known as convergent extension provided that the cell-cell adhesive energy has a certain type of anisotropy, which we describe. This single simple property suffices to cause the cell elongation, cell alignment, and lengthening of a cellular array that characterize convergent extension. We sho...

Many existing methods for the recovery of optical parameters from turbid materials rely on the diffusion approximation, which does not permit the recovery of the degree of anisotropy in the scattering phase function. These methods also make the explicit assumption that light is normally incident at the top surface of the material. We demonstrate a steady-state imaging technique that uses nonnor...

Local variations in the optical properties of thick In0.13Ga0.87As films grown on GaAs~001! substrates misoriented toward $111% planes have been studied with polarized and spectrally-resolved cathodoluminescence ~CL! imaging. The degree of anisotropic relaxation and density of dark line defects ~DLDs! in CL was found to depend on the choice of the substrate miscut orientation. An enhanced aniso...

Systems of charged particles on anisotropic three-dimensional lattices are investigated theoretically using Debye–Hückel theory. It is found that the thermodynamics of these systems strongly depends on the degree of anisotropy. For weakly anisotropic simple cubic lattices, the results indicate the existence of order–disorder phase transitions and a tricritical point, while the possibility of lo...