Customers arriving at a queue do not usually see its time-average behavior unless arrivals occur according to a Poisson process. In this article we study how nearly customers see time-average behavior. We give total variation error bounds for comparing the distance between the timeand customer-average distributions of a queueing system in terms of properties of the interarrival distribution. So...

This paper argues that the way customers use a new technology may differ from what producers intended and thereby influences the evolution of that technology and its industry. Customers may interpret the technology differently or may adapt it to their local conditions and requirements, generating variety in how users actually deploy products. Moreover, as customers use new products, they may le...

One of the most important points in a supply chain is customer-driven modeling, which reduces the bullwhip effect in the supply chain, as well as the costs of investment on the inventory and efficient transshipment of the products. Their homogeneity is reflected in the Inventory Routing Problem, which is a combination of distribution and inventory management. This paper expands the classical In...

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This study discusses forest protection through Sasi (Local Environmental Law) in Ambon island post-COVID-19. is a customary norm and rules sanctions regarding the prohibition of taking plant or products, fish game time before agreed determined by community leaders together with members. The main goal to conserve natural resources, control limit human greed overexploiting resources. research met...