نتایج جستجو برای: defense spending

تعداد نتایج: 92420  

Journal: :IMF country report 2022

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues to have a devastating social and economic impact on the country. Civilian casualties are mounting, over third population has been displaced, access basic needs such as electricity, water, heating at risk while winter is coming. Macroeconomic management exceedingly difficult. The fiscal deficit ballooned accommodate large expansion defense spending, finance...

Journal: :International Tax and Public Finance 2006

Journal: :Welsh Economic Review 2007

2017
Joseph L Dieleman Madeline Campbell Abigail Chapin Erika Eldrenkamp Victoria Y Fan Annie Haakenstad Jennifer Kates Zhiyin Li Taylor Matyasz Angela Micah Alex Reynolds Nafis Sadat Matthew T Schneider Reed Sorensen Kaja M Abbas Semaw Ferede Abera Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri Muktar Beshir Ahmed Khurshid Alam Reza Alizadeh-Navaei Ala'a Alkerwi Erfan Amini Walid Ammar Carl Abelardo T Antonio Tesfay Mehari Atey Leticia Avila-Burgos Ashish Awasthi Aleksandra Barac Tezera Moshago Berheto Addisu Shunu Beyene Tariku Jibat Beyene Charles Birungi Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu Nicholas J K Breitborde Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado Ruben Estanislao Castro Ferran Catalia-Lopez Koustuv Dalal Lalit Dandona Rakhi Dandona Samath D Dharmaratne Manisha Dubey Andé Faro Andrea B Feigl Florian Fischer Joseph R Anderson Fitchett Nataliya Foigt Ababi Zergaw Giref Rahul Gupta Samer Hamidi Hilda L Harb Simon I Hay Delia Hendrie Masako Horino Mikk Jürisson Mihajlo B Jakovljevic Mehdi Javanbakht Denny John Jost B Jonas Seyed M Karimi Young-Ho Khang Jagdish Khubchandani Yun Jin Kim Jonas M Kinge Kristopher J Krohn G Anil Kumar Ricky Leung Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek Mohammed Magdy Abd El Razek Azeem Majeed Reza Malekzadeh Deborah Carvalho Malta Atte Meretoja Ted R Miller Erkin M Mirrakhimov Shafiu Mohammed Gedefaw Molla Vinay Nangia Stefano Olgiati Mayowa O Owolabi Tejas Patel Angel J Paternina Caicedo David M Pereira Julian Perelman Suzanne Polinder Anwar Rafay Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar Rajesh Kumar Rai Usha Ram Chhabi Lal Ranabhat Hirbo Shore Roba Miloje Savic Sadaf G Sepanlou Braden J Te Ao Azeb Gebresilassie Tesema Alan J Thomson Ruoyan Tobe-Gai Roman Topor-Madry Eduardo A Undurraga Veronica Vargas Tommi Vasankari Francesco S Violante Tissa Wijeratne Gelin Xu Naohiro Yonemoto Mustafa Z Younis Chuanhua Yu Zoubida Zaidi Maysaa El Sayed Zaki Christopher J L Murray

BACKGROUND The amount of resources, particularly prepaid resources, available for health can affect access to health care and health outcomes. Although health spending tends to increase with economic development, tremendous variation exists among health financing systems. Estimates of future spending can be beneficial for policy makers and planners, and can identify financing gaps. In this stud...

Journal: :The Iowa Review 2012

2005
Bernard Black Charles Silver David A. Hyman William M. Sage Bernard S. Black

Using a comprehensive database of closed claims maintained by the Texas Department of Insurance since 1988, this study provides evidence on a range of issues involving medical malpractice litigation, including claim frequency, payout frequency, payment amounts, defense costs, and jury verdicts. The data present a picture of remarkable stability in most respects and slow, predictable change in o...

Journal: :Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2005
Laurence Baker Jeffrey Rideout Paul Gertler Kristiana Raube

We studied the effect of a structured electronic communication service on health care spending, comparing doctor office and laboratory spending for a group of patients before and after the service became available to them relative to changes in a control group. In the treatment group, doctor office spending and laboratory spending fell in the period after the service became available, relative ...

Journal: :Circulation 2014

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